Java Programming: Operators and Assignment

Operators in Java

• Java program demonstrates the use of various operators:
  • Arithmetic operators: +, -, *, /, %
  • Assignment operators: =, +=, -=, *=, /=, %=, &=, ^=, |=
  • Miscellaneous operators: >>, ~, !

Assignment Operators

• Simple assignment operator: =
  • Assigns values from right-side operands to left-side operands
  • Example: C = A + B will assign the value of A + B into C
• Add AND assignment operator: +=
  • Adds right operand to the left operand and assigns the result to left operand
  • Example: C += A is equivalent to C = C + A
• Subtract AND assignment operator: -=
  • Subtracts right operand from the left operand and assigns the result to left operand
  • Example: C -= A is equivalent to C = C - A
• Multiply AND assignment operator: *=
  • Multiplies right operand with the left operand and assigns the result to left operand
  • Example: C *= A is equivalent to C = C * A
• Divide AND assignment operator: /=
  • Divides left operand with the right operand and assigns the result to left operand
  • Example: C /= A is equivalent to C = C / A
• Modulus AND assignment operator: %=
  • Takes modulus using two operands and assigns the result to left operand
  • Example: C %= A is equivalent to C = C % A
• Bitwise AND assignment operator: &=
  • Example: C &= 2 is same as C = C & 2
• Bitwise exclusive OR and assignment operator: ^=
  • Example: C ^= 2 is same as C = C ^ 2
• Bitwise inclusive OR and assignment operator: |=
  • Example: C |= 2 is same as C = C | 2

Logical Operators

• Logical AND operator: &&
  • If both operands are non-zero, then the condition becomes true
  • Example: (A && B) is false
• Logical OR operator: ||
  • If any of the two operands are non-zero, then the condition becomes true
  • Example: (A || B) is true
• Logical NOT operator: !
  • Reverses the logical state of its operand
  • Example: !(A && B) is true

Conditional Operator

• Also known as the ternary operator
• Consists of three operands and is used to evaluate Boolean expressions
• The goal of the operator is to decide which value should be assigned to the variable
• Example: variable x = (expression) ? value1 : value2

Miscellaneous Operators

• Conditional operator: ?:
  • Used to evaluate Boolean expressions
• Bitwise operators: ~, >>
  • Example: a >>> 2