Java Platform: JVM, JRE, JDK

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Questions and Answers

What is the relationship between the Dog and Animal classes in the given example?

Dog and Animal are unrelated classes
Animal and Dog are sibling classes
Animal is a subclass of Dog
Dog is a subclass of Animal (correct)

What is the term for the process of creating a new class based on an existing class?

Polymorphism
Inheritance (correct)
Instantiation
Abstraction

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of inheritance?

Code reuse
Increases memory usage (correct)
Facilitates abstraction
Allows for multiple inheritance

What is the role of the superclass in inheritance?

To serve as a blueprint for the subclass (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the 'extends' keyword in Java?

To inherit properties from a superclass (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the class that is being inherited from?

Superclass (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of using inheritance in programming?

It promotes code reuse and facilitates abstraction (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of inheritance in real life?

A dog is a type of animal (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is another way to achieve multiple inheritance?

Using interfaces (D) Signup and view all the answers

What type of inheritance combines two or more types of inheritance?

Hybrid inheritance (B) Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the displayInfo() method is called using the d1 object?

The method inside the Dog subclass is called (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of method overriding?

To provide a different implementation of a method (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the displayInfo() method in the Animal superclass and the Dog subclass?

The Dog subclass method is an override of the Animal superclass method (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why does the Dog subclass provide its own implementation of the displayInfo() method?

To provide a more specific implementation (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of calling the displayInfo() method using an object of the Animal class?

The method inside the Animal superclass is called (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of using method overriding?

It allows for more flexibility in method implementation (D) Signup and view all the answers

What does the student ID list represent?

A list of students in a class (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main topic discussed in the content?

Pointers in C (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the 'Changing Value Pointed by Pointers' section?

To demonstrate how to change the value pointed to by a pointer (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between pointers and arrays?

Pointers and arrays are related but distinct concepts (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the 'Common Mistakes' section?

To highlight common errors when using pointers (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the output of the 'ARRAY & POINTERS EXAMPLE'?

Not enough information to determine the output (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a pointer in C?

A variable that stores a memory address (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between a pointer and an array?

A pointer can be reassigned, while an array cannot (B) Signup and view all the answers

What happens when you enter an odd integer?

The program will print a message indicating it's an odd integer (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the break statement in a loop?

To end the loop immediately when it is encountered (D) Signup and view all the answers

What would happen if a user enters two integers where the first is greater than the second?

The program will print a message indicating the first is greater (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the continue statement in a loop?

To skip the current iteration and continue with the next (A) Signup and view all the answers

What type of loop is suitable when the number of iterations is not fixed?

While loop (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the goto statement?

To transfer control of the program to the specified label (A) Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a user enters two integers where the first is less than the second?

The program will print a message indicating the second is greater (C) Signup and view all the answers

What happens if a user does not enter a negative number in a program that expects one?

The program will ask for input again (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the two leading and two trailing underscores in method names?

To prevent conflict with Python's default method names (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the self parameter in a method definition?

It represents the instance of the class (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of prefixing a variable with self?

It makes the variable accessible to every method in the class and through any instance (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the init() method in a class?

To initialize the attributes of an instance (C) Signup and view all the answers

How do you access the attributes of an instance?

Using the dot notation, e.g. my_dog.name (C) Signup and view all the answers

How do you call a method in an instance?

By using the instance name, e.g. my_dog.sit() (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of creating multiple instances of a class?

Each instance has its own set of attributes and methods (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of defining a class?

To define a set of instructions for how to make an instance (B) Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

THE J BROTHERS (JVM JRE JDK)

JVM (Java Virtual Machine) is the runtime environment for Java
JRE (Java Runtime Environment) consists of JVM and libraries
JDK (Java Development Kit) includes JRE and development tools

Inheritance

Inheritance is a mechanism in which one class can inherit properties and behavior from another class
A derived class (subclass) inherits from a base class (superclass)
Multiple inheritance is achieved using interfaces

Types of Inheritance

Hybrid inheritance: a combination of two or more types of inheritance

Method Overriding

Method overriding occurs when a subclass provides a different implementation of a method already defined in its superclass
The subclass method with the same name, return type, and parameters as the superclass method is called instead of the superclass method

Pointers in C

Pointers hold memory addresses as their values
Pointers can be used to change the value stored at the memory address they point to
Common mistakes with pointers include dereferencing a null or uninitialized pointer

Relationship between Pointers and Arrays

Arrays and pointers are related, as the name of an array is a pointer to the first element of the array

Loops

Types of loops in programming include for, while, and do-while loops
Break statement: ends the loop immediately when encountered, often used with if-else statements
Continue statement: skips the current iteration of the loop and continues with the next iteration
Goto statement: transfers control of the program to a specified label

Classes and Objects

A class is a blueprint for creating objects
A class defines attributes (data) and methods (functions)
Each object created from a class has its own set of attributes and can access the methods of the class
The self parameter in a method definition refers to the instance of the class
Attributes prefixed with self are available to every method in the class and accessible through any instance created from the class

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