Java Fundamentals
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Questions and Answers

What is the main purpose of the JDK?

  • To develop, test, and run Java programs (correct)
  • To add interactive content to web pages
  • To replace JavaFX for rich client applications
  • To write interactive television programs

    • What was Java originally designed for?

  • Exception handling
  • Web development
  • Rich client applications
  • Interactive television (correct)

    • What is the purpose of the finally block in exception handling?

  • To skip execution of code
  • To throw an exception
  • To handle an exception
  • To execute code regardless of whether an exception was thrown (correct)

    • What is the primary way to create an object in Java?

    <p>Using the <code>new</code> keyword</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an applet used for in Java?

    <p>To add interactive content to web pages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an exception in Java?

    <p>An event that disrupts the normal flow of a program</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the extends keyword in Java?

    <p>To inherit properties from a parent class</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of polymorphism in Java?

    <p>Overloading a method with different parameters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of a Set collection in Java?

    <p>It is an unordered collection of unique elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of using threads in Java?

    <p>To improve program responsiveness and performance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Objects

    • In Java, an object represents an instance of a class.
    • Objects have state (data) and behavior (methods).
    • Objects can be created using the new keyword.
    • Objects can be manipulated using methods.

    Inheritance

    • Inheritance is a mechanism in which one class can inherit the properties of another class.
    • The child class inherits the properties of the parent class.
    • Uses the extends keyword.
    • Example: class Dog extends Animal

    Polymorphism

    • Polymorphism is the ability of an object to take on multiple forms.
    • Method overriding: when a subclass provides a different implementation of a method already defined in its superclass.
    • Method overloading: when multiple methods with the same name can be defined, differing in parameters.

    Collections

    • A collection is a group of objects.
    • Java provides several types of collections:
      • List: an ordered collection of elements (e.g., ArrayList).
      • Set: an unordered collection of unique elements (e.g., HashSet).
      • Map: a collection of key-value pairs (e.g., HashMap).

    Threads

    • A thread is a separate flow of execution within a program.
    • Threads can run concurrently, improving program responsiveness and performance.
    • Java provides two ways to create threads:
      • Extending the Thread class.
      • Implementing the Runnable interface.

    Java Environment

    • The Java Virtual Machine (JVM) is the runtime environment for Java.
    • The JVM provides platform independence, allowing Java code to run on any platform supporting a JVM.
    • The JDK (Java Development Kit) provides tools for developing, testing, and running Java programs.

    History

    • Java was first released in 1995 by Sun Microsystems (now owned by Oracle Corporation).
    • Java was originally designed for interactive television, but it became popular for web development.
    • Java has evolved through several versions, with new features and improvements.

    Applets

    • An applet is a small program that runs in a web browser.
    • Applets are used to add interactive content to web pages.
    • Applets are deprecated since Java 9, replaced by JavaFX for rich client applications.

    Exception Handling

    • An exception is an event that occurs during the execution of a program, disrupting the normal flow.
    • Java provides try-catch blocks to handle exceptions:
      • Try block: code that might throw an exception.
      • Catch block: code that handles the exception.
      • Finally block: code that is always executed, regardless of whether an exception was thrown.

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    Test your knowledge of Java basics, including objects, inheritance, polymorphism, collections, threads, and more. Learn about Java's history, environment, and exception handling.

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