Java Control Structures

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of the break statement in a switch statement?

  • To skip to the next case
  • To repeat the same case
  • To exit the switch block (correct)
  • To go back to the previous case

What type of expression must be used in an if statement?

  • A string expression
  • A numeric expression
  • A boolean expression (correct)
  • Any type of expression

What is the purpose of the initialization statement in a for loop?

  • To execute the loop body once
  • To execute the loop body until the condition is true
  • To execute the loop body once at the beginning of the loop (correct)
  • To execute the loop body repeatedly

What happens when the condition in a while loop is always true?

<p>The loop will execute indefinitely (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the catch block in a try-catch statement?

<p>To handle exceptions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of value can be used in a switch statement's case?

<p>A constant or a literal value (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the finally block in a try-catch statement?

<p>To execute code regardless of whether an exception was thrown (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when no break statement is found in a switch statement?

<p>The code will 'fall through' to the next case (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Control Structures in Java

Switch Statements

  • Used to execute one code block among many alternatives
  • Syntax: switch (expression) { case value1: ... break; case value2: ... break; ... default: ... }
  • Expression must be of type byte, short, int, char, or an enum value
  • Each case value must be a constant or a literal
  • break statement is used to exit the switch block
  • If no break statement is found, the code will "fall through" to the next case

If-else Statements

  • Used to execute a block of code based on a condition
  • Syntax: if (condition) { code } else { code }
  • Condition must be a boolean expression
  • The code inside the if block is executed if the condition is true
  • The code inside the else block is executed if the condition is false
  • Can be chained together using else if statements

For Loops

  • Used to execute a block of code repeatedly for a specified number of iterations
  • Syntax: for (initialization; condition; increment/decrement) { code }
  • Initialization: executed once at the beginning of the loop
  • Condition: evaluated at the beginning of each iteration, loop continues if true
  • Increment/decrement: executed at the end of each iteration
  • Loop continues until the condition is false

While Loops

  • Used to execute a block of code repeatedly while a condition is true
  • Syntax: while (condition) { code }
  • Condition is evaluated at the beginning of each iteration
  • Loop continues until the condition is false
  • Can be used to create an infinite loop if the condition is always true

Try-catch Blocks

  • Used to handle exceptions (errors) in a program
  • Syntax: try { code } catch (ExceptionType e) { code }
  • Code in the try block is executed
  • If an exception is thrown, the code in the catch block is executed
  • Can be used to catch multiple types of exceptions with multiple catch blocks
  • Can be used with a finally block to execute code regardless of whether an exception was thrown

Control Structures in Java

Switch Statements

  • Execute one code block among many alternatives based on the value of an expression
  • Expression must be of type byte, short, int, char, or an enum value
  • Each case value must be a constant or a literal
  • Use break statement to exit the switch block, or code will "fall through" to the next case

If-else Statements

  • Execute a block of code based on a boolean condition
  • Syntax: if (condition) { code } else { code }
  • Condition must be a boolean expression
  • Code inside the if block is executed if the condition is true
  • Code inside the else block is executed if the condition is false
  • Can be chained together using else if statements

Loops

For Loops

  • Execute a block of code repeatedly for a specified number of iterations
  • Syntax: for (initialization; condition; increment/decrement) { code }
  • Initialization: executed once at the beginning of the loop
  • Condition: evaluated at the beginning of each iteration, loop continues if true
  • Increment/decrement: executed at the end of each iteration
  • Loop continues until the condition is false

While Loops

  • Execute a block of code repeatedly while a condition is true
  • Syntax: while (condition) { code }
  • Condition is evaluated at the beginning of each iteration
  • Loop continues until the condition is false
  • Can be used to create an infinite loop if the condition is always true

Exception Handling

Try-catch Blocks

  • Handle exceptions (errors) in a program
  • Syntax: try { code } catch (ExceptionType e) { code }
  • Code in the try block is executed
  • If an exception is thrown, the code in the catch block is executed
  • Can be used to catch multiple types of exceptions with multiple catch blocks
  • Can be used with a finally block to execute code regardless of whether an exception was thrown

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