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Questions and Answers
What is the purpose of the break statement in a switch statement?
What type of expression must be used in an if statement?
What is the purpose of the initialization statement in a for loop?
What happens when the condition in a while loop is always true?
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What is the purpose of the catch block in a try-catch statement?
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What type of value can be used in a switch statement's case?
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What is the purpose of the finally block in a try-catch statement?
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What happens when no break statement is found in a switch statement?
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Study Notes
Control Structures in Java
Switch Statements
- Used to execute one code block among many alternatives
- Syntax:
switch (expression) { case value1: ... break; case value2: ... break; ... default: ... } - Expression must be of type
byte,short,int,char, or anenumvalue - Each
casevalue must be a constant or a literal -
breakstatement is used to exit the switch block - If no
breakstatement is found, the code will "fall through" to the next case
If-else Statements
- Used to execute a block of code based on a condition
- Syntax:
if (condition) { code } else { code } - Condition must be a boolean expression
- The code inside the
ifblock is executed if the condition is true - The code inside the
elseblock is executed if the condition is false - Can be chained together using
else ifstatements
For Loops
- Used to execute a block of code repeatedly for a specified number of iterations
- Syntax:
for (initialization; condition; increment/decrement) { code } - Initialization: executed once at the beginning of the loop
- Condition: evaluated at the beginning of each iteration, loop continues if true
- Increment/decrement: executed at the end of each iteration
- Loop continues until the condition is false
While Loops
- Used to execute a block of code repeatedly while a condition is true
- Syntax:
while (condition) { code } - Condition is evaluated at the beginning of each iteration
- Loop continues until the condition is false
- Can be used to create an infinite loop if the condition is always true
Try-catch Blocks
- Used to handle exceptions (errors) in a program
- Syntax:
try { code } catch (ExceptionType e) { code } - Code in the
tryblock is executed - If an exception is thrown, the code in the
catchblock is executed - Can be used to catch multiple types of exceptions with multiple
catchblocks - Can be used with a
finallyblock to execute code regardless of whether an exception was thrown
Control Structures in Java
Switch Statements
- Execute one code block among many alternatives based on the value of an expression
- Expression must be of type
byte,short,int,char, or anenumvalue - Each
casevalue must be a constant or a literal - Use
breakstatement to exit the switch block, or code will "fall through" to the next case
If-else Statements
- Execute a block of code based on a boolean condition
- Syntax:
if (condition) { code } else { code } - Condition must be a boolean expression
- Code inside the
ifblock is executed if the condition is true - Code inside the
elseblock is executed if the condition is false - Can be chained together using
else ifstatements
Loops
For Loops
- Execute a block of code repeatedly for a specified number of iterations
- Syntax:
for (initialization; condition; increment/decrement) { code } - Initialization: executed once at the beginning of the loop
- Condition: evaluated at the beginning of each iteration, loop continues if true
- Increment/decrement: executed at the end of each iteration
- Loop continues until the condition is false
While Loops
- Execute a block of code repeatedly while a condition is true
- Syntax:
while (condition) { code } - Condition is evaluated at the beginning of each iteration
- Loop continues until the condition is false
- Can be used to create an infinite loop if the condition is always true
Exception Handling
Try-catch Blocks
- Handle exceptions (errors) in a program
- Syntax:
try { code } catch (ExceptionType e) { code } - Code in the
tryblock is executed - If an exception is thrown, the code in the
catchblock is executed - Can be used to catch multiple types of exceptions with multiple
catchblocks - Can be used with a
finallyblock to execute code regardless of whether an exception was thrown
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Description
Understand switch statements and if-else statements in Java programming. Learn about their syntax, usage, and importance in controlling the flow of a Java program.
