Java Control Structures Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of the break statement in a switch construct?

  • To exit the switch block. (correct)
  • To repeat the current case.
  • To default to the last case.
  • To skip the next case.

Which data types can be used as case constants in a switch statement?

  • Only long and double types.
  • Only boolean types.
  • Numeric and character data types. (correct)
  • Any reference type.

What happens if a switch variable does not match any case constants?

  • The default case is executed if present. (correct)
  • The program executes the statements after the switch block.
  • The program terminates immediately.
  • The program enters an infinite loop.

Where must the default case be positioned in a switch statement?

<p>At the end of the switch block. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true regarding the case constants in a switch statement?

<p>They cannot have the same value. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What will happen if you forget to assign a value to the switch variable before entering the switch construct?

<p>The control will not enter the switch block. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the example given, if 'day' evaluates to '5', what will be the output?

<p>Friday (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What keyword is used to start a switch statement?

<p>switch (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What will be the output when the variable 'day' is set to 5 in the switch statement?

<p>Friday (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the role of the loop control variable in a while loop?

<p>It evaluates the Boolean expression within the loop. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct syntax for a while loop?

<p>while (boolean-exprsn) { statement; } (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the 'day' variable is set to 8, what will the switch statement output?

<p>Invalid entry (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the repetition statement definition, what is meant by the condition becoming false?

<p>The loop control variable no longer meets the criteria. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following keywords can be used to exit a while loop?

<p>break (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of using a switch statement?

<p>To execute code based on the value of a variable. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the Fibonacci series example, where is the Fibonacci sequence generated?

<p>Using a while loop. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of control statements in a program?

<p>To control the execution flow of the program. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the syntax of an if statement, what follows the 'if' keyword?

<p>A logical expression. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the else block do in an if-else statement?

<p>It executes whenever the if statement evaluates to false. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a correct example of an if-else statement?

<p>if (x &gt; y) { z = x; } else { z = y; } (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When would you typically use a switch statement instead of if-else statements?

<p>When dealing with multiple possible values for a variable. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What would be the output of the following code snippet? int a=16; if (a%2==0) { System.out.println('This is an even number'); } else { System.out.println('It is an odd number'); }

<p>This is an even number (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the purpose of the boolean expression in an if statement?

<p>It determines the outcome of the statements that follow. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of control structures, what does the term 'branching' refer to?

<p>Making decisions in the execution flow. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

if statement

A decision-making statement that executes a block of code only if a condition is true.

if-else statement

A decision-making statement that executes one block of code if a condition is true and another block if it is false.

Boolean expression

An expression that evaluates to either true or false.

switch statement

A control statement that allows execution to jump to different blocks of code based on the value of an expression.

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Selection statements

Control statements that choose which block of code is executed, based on a condition.

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Block of code

A set of statements enclosed within curly braces { }

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Control statements

Statements that determine the order in which instructions are executed in a program.

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Execution flow

The order in which statements in a program are executed

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What is a loop?

A loop is a programming construct that allows a block of code to be executed repeatedly, based on a specific condition.

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while loop

A while loop is a type of loop that continues executing a block of code as long the specified condition remains true.

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Loop Control Variable

The variable used in the condition of a while loop, determining when the loop continues or terminates.

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break keyword

The break keyword is used within a loop to immediately exit the entire loop structure.

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continue keyword

The continue keyword inside a loop skips the current iteration and jumps to the next one.

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Fibonacci Series

A series of numbers where each number is the sum of the two preceding numbers, starting with 1.

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What is the purpose of the switch statement?

The switch statement is used to efficiently execute different blocks of code depending on the value of an expression.

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What is the default case?

The default case in a switch statement is the code block that executes if the value of the expression doesn't match any of the other cases.

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Case Constant

A specific value used to compare against the switch expression. It must be a primitive data type (byte, short, char, or int) and match the data type of the switch expression.

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Default Keyword

Used in a switch statement to execute a block of code if none of the case constants match the switch expression's value.

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What data types can be used in a switch statement?

The switch expression and the case constants in a switch statement can only be numeric or character data types. These include byte, short, char, and int.

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What happens if there are multiple matching cases?

If multiple case constants match the switch expression, the code for the first matching case is executed, and the execution continues until a break statement or the end of the switch block.

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When should the 'default' label be used?

The 'default' label should always be the last option if it is used in a 'switch' statement. It ensures that there's a fallback option even if none of the case expressions match.

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Can case labels have duplicate values?

No, case labels in a switch statement cannot have the same value. Each value must be unique.

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Study Notes

Control Structures

  • Programs use control statements to manage the order of instruction execution
  • Control flow depends on data values and conditional logic
  • Java supports Selection, Repetition, and Branching

Selection (Agarwal & Bansal, 2023)

  • Selection statements are decision-making tools including if, if-else, and switch
  • if statement:
    • Evaluates a logical expression
    • Executes statements if the expression is true
    • Syntax: if (boolean-expression) { statements; }
    • Example: int a = 16; if (a % 2 == 0) { System.out.println("Even number"); }
  • if-else statement:
    • Provides an alternative action if the if condition is false
    • Executes the else block when the if condition is false
    • Syntax: if (boolean-expression) { statements; } else { statements; }
    • Example: if (aNum1 > aNum2) { aMax = aNum1; } else { aMax = aNum2; }
  • switch statement:
    • Easier for multiple possible values
    • Compares a variable against a list of constants
    • case constants must match the variable type
    • break exits the switch construct
    • default handles unmatched cases
    • Syntax: switch (variable-name) { case exprsn1: statements; break; case exprsn2: statements; break; default: statement; }

Repetition (Agarwal & Bansal, 2023)

  • Loops repeatedly execute a block of code
  • while loop:
    • Executes a block as long as a condition is true
    • Syntax: while (boolean-expression) { statement; }
    • Example: int i1 = 1, i2 = 1; System.out.println(i1); while (i1 <= i2) { i2 += i1; i1 = i2 - i1; System.out.println(i1); }
  • do-while loop:
    • Executes a block at least once, then repeats while a condition is true
    • Syntax: do { statement; } while (expression);
    • Example: int j = 1; do { System.out.println(j); j++; } while (j <= 10);
  • for loop:
    • Useful for loops with a predetermined number of iterations
    • Syntax: for (initialization; test-expression; increment/decrement) { statement; }
    • Example: int invar; for (invar = 1; invar <= 10; invar++) { System.out.print(invar*invar); }

Branching (Agarwal & Bansal, 2023)

  • Statements that alter program flow
  • break statement:
    • Exits the innermost loop or switch statement
    • break label; exists an outer loop
    • Example: for (int i = 1; i <= range; i++) { if (i == 5) break; System.out.println(i); }
  • continue statement:
    • Skips the rest of the current loop iteration
    • Resumes with the next iteration
    • Example: int i = 1; while (i <= 10) { i++; if (i == 5) continue; System.out.println("i="+i); }
  • return statements:
    • Ends a method's execution
    • Returns a value to the calling method
    • Example: public static int square(int a) { return (a * a); }

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CONTROL STRUCTURES PDF

Description

Test your knowledge on control structures in Java, focusing on selection statements like if, if-else, and switch. This quiz will help reinforce your understanding of how these control mechanisms dictate the flow of a program's execution.

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