Java Conditional Statements

6 Questions

What is the primary purpose of conditional statements in a program?

To take action based on a given condition

What is the function of the Equals method in Java?

To compare the contents of two strings

What is the difference between an IF statement and an IF-ELSE statement?

An IF statement has no else clause, while an IF-ELSE statement has an else clause

What is the function of the NOT logical operator in Java?

To negate a boolean condition

What is the purpose of relational operators in Java?

To compare two values and take action based on the result

What is a characteristic of nested conditional statements in Java?

They can be any type of conditional statement

Study Notes

Conditional Statements

Allow a program to take action based on a given condition
Typically compare two values to decide what action to take

Relational Operators

Label: Equals • Symbol: == • Syntax: x == y
Label: NOT Equals • Symbol: != • Syntax: x != y
Label: Less Than • Symbol: < • Syntax: x < y
(and more relational operators...)

IF Statements

Handle one conditional expression
Syntax: if (condition) { //do something here }
The program does something if the condition is true; otherwise, it does nothing

IF-ELSE Statements

Handle two conditional expressions
Syntax: if (condition) { //do something here } else { //do something here }
The program does the first code block if the condition is true; otherwise, it does the second code block

IF-ELSE IF-ELSE Statements

A conditional statement within a conditional statement
Nested conditional statements can be any type of conditional statement

Nested Conditional Statements

Syntax: if (condition) { if (condition) { //do something here } }
Can be any type of conditional statement

EQUALS Function

Used to compare strings more efficiently
Necessary because equal relational operators compare memory addresses, not content

Logical Operators

Label: AND • Symbol: && • Syntax: condition && condition • Description: Both conditions need to be true
Label: OR • Symbol: || • Syntax: condition || condition • Description: Either condition needs to be true
Label: NOT • Symbol: ! • Syntax: !condition • Description: Negates the condition