Jaundice: Causes and Mechanisms

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Questions and Answers

What are the usual pigmented areas of the body where jaundice can be observed?

  • Eyes, nose, and mouth
  • Skin, hair, and nails
  • Liver, kidneys, and pancreas
  • Skin, sclera, under tongue, and palate of mouth (correct)

What is the primary cause of prehepatic jaundice?

  • Obstruction of the bile ducts
  • Infection of the liver
  • Liver dysfunction
  • Increased breakdown of red blood cells (correct)

What is a possible cause of hemolytic anemia of the newborn?

  • Incompatibility between the mother's and fetus's Rh type (correct)
  • Genetic mutation in the fetus
  • Rh positivity in the fetus
  • Rh negativity in the mother

What is the term for the destruction of red blood cells?

<p>Hemolysis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three categories of jaundice causes?

<p>Prehepatic, hepatic, and posthepatic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of excess destruction of red blood cells in hemolytic anemia?

<p>Increased unconjugated bilirubin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of physiologic jaundice in newborns?

<p>Immaturity of the conjugating enzyme glucuronyl transferase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the hallmark sign of posthepatic jaundice?

<p>Gray-colored stool (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between pathologic and physiologic prehepatic jaundice?

<p>The presence of erythroblastosis fetalis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of hepatic jaundice?

<p>Disease of the hepatocytes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of UV light therapy in the treatment of jaundice?

<p>To convert unconjugated bilirubin to conjugated (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between prehepatic and posthepatic jaundice?

<p>The type of bilirubin that accumulates in the blood (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most important thing to know when diagnosing jaundice?

<p>The underlying mechanism of jaundice (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is characteristic of prehepatic jaundice?

<p>High total serum bilirubin and high indirect bilirubin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common cause of cholecystitis?

<p>Irritation of stones inside the gallbladder or nearby ducts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between conjugated and unconjugated bilirubin?

<p>Conjugated bilirubin is soluble in water, while unconjugated bilirubin is insoluble (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary indicator of posthepatic jaundice?

<p>High total serum bilirubin and high direct bilirubin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of hepatic jaundice?

<p>Normal or high total serum bilirubin and low direct bilirubin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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