Podcast
Questions and Answers
What was a key factor that contributed to the establishment of the Jat kingdom of Bharatpur?
What was a key factor that contributed to the establishment of the Jat kingdom of Bharatpur?
- The Jats' alliance with the Afghan warlords against the Mughal Empire.
- The decline of the Maratha Empire, creating a power vacuum in North India.
- Support from European powers seeking to undermine Mughal authority.
- Peasant revolts against excessive land revenue extraction by the Mughals. (correct)
How did Maharaja Surajmal attempt to modernize the Jat kingdom of Bharatpur?
How did Maharaja Surajmal attempt to modernize the Jat kingdom of Bharatpur?
- By implementing military reforms and adopting aspects of the Mughal revenue system. (correct)
- By forming a strong alliance with the East India Company.
- By focusing solely on agricultural reforms and reducing land revenue demands.
- By converting the kingdom into a major trading hub, attracting merchants from across Asia.
What was a significant difference between the nature of the Afghan kingdoms of Farukkabad and Rohilkhand, and the Jat kingdom of Bharatpur?
What was a significant difference between the nature of the Afghan kingdoms of Farukkabad and Rohilkhand, and the Jat kingdom of Bharatpur?
- The Afghan kingdoms were religiously tolerant, while the Jat kingdom enforced strict religious laws.
- The Afghan kingdoms were established by consolidating existing Mughal administrative units, while the Jat kingdom emerged from peasant revolts. (correct)
- The Afghan kingdoms were formed primarily through alliances with Marathas, while the Jat kingdom resisted Maratha influence.
- The Afghan kingdoms focused on maritime trade, while the Jat kingdom was landlocked and focused on agriculture.
What event directly led to the establishment of the Kingdom of Rohilkhand?
What event directly led to the establishment of the Kingdom of Rohilkhand?
Which of the following best characterizes the initial relationship between the Afghan kingdom of Farukkabad and the Mughal Empire?
Which of the following best characterizes the initial relationship between the Afghan kingdom of Farukkabad and the Mughal Empire?
How did the outcomes of the Third Battle of Panipat (1761) affect both the Jat Kingdom of Bharatpur and the Afghan kingdoms in North India?
How did the outcomes of the Third Battle of Panipat (1761) affect both the Jat Kingdom of Bharatpur and the Afghan kingdoms in North India?
What action by Shuja-ud-Daula, the Nawab of Awadh, with the support of the East India Company (EIC), ultimately impacted the Afghan presence in North India?
What action by Shuja-ud-Daula, the Nawab of Awadh, with the support of the East India Company (EIC), ultimately impacted the Afghan presence in North India?
In what way did the land revenue (LR) demands under the Jat Kingdom of Bharatpur compare to those under the Mughal rule?
In what way did the land revenue (LR) demands under the Jat Kingdom of Bharatpur compare to those under the Mughal rule?
Flashcards
Jat Kingdom of Bharatpur
Jat Kingdom of Bharatpur
Jats formed a kingdom near Delhi, rebelling against Mughal over-taxation.
Maharaja Surajmal
Maharaja Surajmal
He consolidated Jat power and briefly supported the Marathas.
Afghan Kingdoms
Afghan Kingdoms
Afghan warlords who migrated to North India.
Farukkabad Kingdom
Farukkabad Kingdom
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Rohilkhand Kingdom
Rohilkhand Kingdom
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Ali Mohd. Khan
Ali Mohd. Khan
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Shuja-ud-Daula
Shuja-ud-Daula
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Rohilkhand & Farukkabad role
Rohilkhand & Farukkabad role
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Study Notes
Jat Kingdom of Bharatpur (1695-1763)
- Jats opposed Mughals since Jahangir's time, establishing a kingdom in Bharatpur.
- Churaman Jat (1695-1771), a Zamindar, led the kingdom.
- Peasant revolts against Mughal land revenue extraction aided kingdom setup.
- This occurred amid 18th-century Jagirdari crises.
- Maharaja Surajmal (1756-1763) consolidated power, compelling Mughal recognition.
- He temporarily supported Marathas in 3rd Battle of Panipat (BOP) in 1761.
- Military reforms included recruiting Europeans and adopting the Mughal revenue system while removing family from the court.
- The Jat Kingdom declined after the death of Surajmal.
- At its peak, it stretched from Delhi north to Agra west, Chambal south, and Ganga east.
- Land revenue demands remained high, offering no relief for peasants.
Afghan Kingdoms in the North (Farukkabad and Rohilkhand)
- Afghans were wandering warlords who migrated to North India from Afghanistan.
- Migration stemmed from political instability, lacking organization until Sher Shah Suri arrived in 1540.
- Disorganization followed the 2nd Battle of Panipat in 1556, ending Suri rule.
- The weakening of the Mughals after AZ5807 gave them opportunity.
- Bangash Pathans established Farukkabad kingdom east of Delhi in 1713.
- This occurred amidst Mughal political instability, using political power.
- Jahandar Shah 1213 was in power after killing Farukhsiyar 1319, whose father later killed Jahandar Shah 1213 with Sayyid brother's help.
- The kingdom was named after Farukhsiyar 1319 as a gesture recognizing symbolic Mughal authority.
- Nadir Shah's invasions (1738-1740) and Maratha victories over Mughals in 1738 presented another opportunity.
- Rohilkhand kingdom was established by Ali Mohd. Khan in 1737-38 in the Himalayan foothills.
- In 1740, Ali Mohd. Khan received official recognition as Governor, not fully independent.
- In 1774, Shuja-ud-Daula 5474 (1754-74 Nawab of Awadh) annexed Rohilkhand with EIC help.
- The rest of Rohilkhand became the Princely State/kingdom of Rampur.
- Farukkabad was a weak kingdom, frequently attacked by neighbors.
- Afghans supported Abdali in 3rd BOP in 1761.
- Rohillas controlled Delhi between 1761 and 1771 until defeated by Mahadji Scindia.
- Afghan kingdoms declined after Abdali's return to Afghanistan.
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Description
Explore the Jat kingdom of Bharatpur, established by Jats opposing Mughals. Discover Afghan kingdoms like Farukkabad and Rohilkhand, formed amid political instability in Afghanistan. Learn about Maharaja Surajmal's reign and military reforms.
