30 Questions
Which word means 'to turn' in Japanese?
Magaru
What does 'tonari' indicate in Japanese?
Next to
If you want to express 'go forward' in Japanese, which phrase would you use?
Zenshin suru
What does 'ura' signify in Japanese?
Reverse/other side/back
In Japanese, if something is described as 'kado', where is it located?
Corner
How old was the speaker's father when he died?
57 years old
When is the birthday of the speaker's lovely mother?
November 15th
'Migi' indicates which direction in Japanese?
Right
How old was the speaker's mother when she died?
89 years old
What is the age and personal characteristic of Rodrigo?
60 years old and handsome
Using adverbs, how was the speaker's older brother Rene described in the last month?
Not at all quiet
What is the age and characteristic of Ronnel?
47 years old and energetic
What is the correct sentence structure for using adjectives in Japanese?
A wa B desu. A is (adjective) B.
Which type of adjectives ends in 'I and Na' in Japanese?
I adjectives
What are some exceptions to the rule of 'I adjectives' mentioned in the text?
Kirei, genki, yuumei, benri
Which phrase means 'Mr. Tanaka is young' in Japanese?
Tanaka wa wakai desu.
In Japanese, what does 'koibito' refer to?
Girlfriend/Boyfriend
Which term is used in Japanese for 'Grandson'?
Mago musuko
Which particle is used in Japanese to indicate contrast in expressions of time or relative expressions of time?
Wa
Which of the following adjectives is an exception to the rule that 'I' adjectives end in 'I' and 'na' adjectives do not end in 'I'?
Benri
Which word in Japanese means 'accountant'?
Kankeishi
What does 'otoi' refer to in Japanese?
2 days after
How is 'breakfast' expressed in Japanese?
Gohan
What is the meaning of the Japanese term 'maitoshi'?
Every year
What does 'kitchen/daidokoro' refer to in the text?
Living room/ima
Which item is represented by 'gas stove/gasu sutoba' according to the text?
Kitchen/daidokoro
In the given context, where is the 'television/terebi' typically located?
Living room/ima
Which word pairs are correctly matched based on the text?
(Kitchen/daidokoro) - (Faucet/jaguchi)
What does the term 'mother/okasan' refer to in the text?
Kitchen/daidokoro
Which item is associated with 'sink/nagashi' according to the text?
Kitchen/daidokoro
Study Notes
Words to indicate position and place
- In Japanese, words indicating position and place act as nouns
- When expressing "next to X" in English, Japanese would say "X no tonari"
- Common positions and directions:
- Tonari: next to
- Chikaku: nearby
- Massugu: straight
- Mae: in front
- Kado: corner
- Naka: inside
- Magaru: to turn
- Sotto: outside
- Zenshin suru: go forward
- Ura: reverse/other side/back
- Hen: side
- Ushiro: for people
- Aida: in between
- Ue: top
- Shita: underneath
- Migi: right
- Hidari: left
- Kita: north
- Minami: south
- Higashi: east
- Nishi: west
Describing Position using A wa B no C desu
- A is A noun (object being located)
- B is another noun (reference object)
- C is the location of A with respect to B
- De: indicates the tense or mood of the sentence
- Examples:
- Rei: Resutoran wa kissaten no chikaku desu. (The restaurant is near the coffee shop.)
- Jiru san wa Tomu san no ushiro desu. (Jill is behind Tom.)
Describing Family Members and Birthdays
- Totemo kibishi chichi no tanjoubi wa juichigatsu muika senkuhyaku nijugonen umaremashita. (My very strict father was born on July 6, 1925.)
- Kyonen Taihen utsukushii haha no tanjoubi wa juichigatsu jugonichi senkuhyaku nijugonen deshita. (My very lovely mother's birthday was November 15, 1925 last year.)
Describing Siblings
- Use adverbs of time, quantity, and quality to describe siblings' names, ages, and personal characteristics
- Example:
- Kyonen ani no takai Rene rokujurokusai to hansumo na Ramon no rokujuisai to kakoi Rodrigo no gojukusai to shizuka na Rey Antonio no gojuhapsai to yakamashii Remegio gojurokusai to chiisai Ronnel yonjurokusai wa yoku genki dewa arimasen deshita.
Adjectives in Japanese
- Adjectives can come before or after a noun
- Two types of adjectives: "I" adjectives and "Na" adjectives
- "I" adjectives: most adjectives that end in "I"
- "Na" adjectives: adjectives that do not end in "I", with exceptions like kirei, genki, yuumei, and benri
- Adjective as noun modifier: similar to English, written before a noun
- Examples:
- Kore wa oishii chizu desu. (This is delicious cheese.)
- Ereganto na resutoran desu. (An elegant restaurant.)
Time-related Vocabulary
- Ato de: later
- Ima: now
- Koko: here
- Ashita: tomorrow
- Kinou: yesterday
- Asa: morning
- Hiru: lunch
- Yoru/Ban: evening
- Mai asa: every morning
- Mai ban: every evening
- Mai nich i: every day
- Gozen: a.m.
- Gogo: p.m.
Family Relationship Vocabulary
- Grandmother: sobo or obasan
- Grandfather: sofu or ojiisan
- Mother-in-law: gibu
- Father-in-law: gifu
- Uncle: oji
- Aunt: obasan
- Older sister: ane or onesan
- Younger sister: imoto or imotosan
- Older brother: ani or oniisan
- Younger brother: ototo or ototosan
- Son: musuko or musokosan
- Daughter: musume or ojosan
- Husband: goshujin
- Wife: kanai
- Granddaughter:
- Grandson:
- Cousin: itoko
Sentence Structure using Adjectives
- A wa B desu: A is (adjective) B
- Note what happens to each type of adjective if it comes at the end of a sentence
- Examples:
- Tanaka san wa wakai desu. (Mr. Tanaka is young.)
- Suzuki san wa hansumo desu. (Mr. Suzuki is handsome.)
Test your knowledge of Japanese positional words commonly used to indicate position and place, such as tonari (next to), chikaku (nearby), and mae (in front). Practice identifying the correct terms when describing locations in Japanese. Perfect for learners looking to enhance their vocabulary!
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