Podcast
Questions and Answers
How is the number 4 pronounced in Japanese?
How is the number 4 pronounced in Japanese?
Which of the following descriptions fits the counting of time in Japanese?
Which of the following descriptions fits the counting of time in Japanese?
What is the correct way to express the number 12 in Japanese?
What is the correct way to express the number 12 in Japanese?
What do different suffixes in Japanese counting systems indicate?
What do different suffixes in Japanese counting systems indicate?
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Which statement accurately reflects the counting of items in Japanese?
Which statement accurately reflects the counting of items in Japanese?
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What is the main principle behind counting numbers larger than 10 in Japanese?
What is the main principle behind counting numbers larger than 10 in Japanese?
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What type of system is utilized when counting objects that aren't easily categorized in Japanese?
What type of system is utilized when counting objects that aren't easily categorized in Japanese?
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Which of the following numbers is represented by 'ju-ichi' in Japanese?
Which of the following numbers is represented by 'ju-ichi' in Japanese?
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Study Notes
Japanese Counting Systems
- Japanese uses different counting systems for different contexts, objects, and quantities. There isn't a single, monolithic system.
Counting to 10
- Japanese numbers 1 through 10 are written and pronounced like:
- 1: ichi
- 2: ni
- 3: san
- 4: yon (or shi)
- 5: go
- 6: roku
- 7: nana (or shichi)
- 8: hachi
- 9: kyu (or ku)
- 10: ju
Counting beyond 10
- The tens and hundreds are formed in a more straightforward system.
- For example, 20 is ni-jū, literally meaning "two-ten"
Counting Specific Objects
- Different suffixes are used when counting objects. This varies widely dependent on object type:
- General Counting (for things that aren't easily categorized): Uses the default counting system for whole numbers.
- Counting people: Uses a specific set of expressions.
- Counting measurements, time, quantities: Uses a unique vocabulary. For example, "hour" is jisū and "minute" is pun
- Counting money/products: Uses a suffix which varies depending on the object.
Counting by Grouping
- Japanese uses a unique system for grouping items:
- The counting system adjusts based on the type of item being counted.
- For example, objects are counted differently from abstract concepts like "time units."
Special Cases and Irregularities
- Certain counting systems have unique and unexpected numbers.
- These systems aren't necessarily consistent for objects in every context.
- These irregularities require memorization and understanding specific contexts for accurate application.
- For example, some items are counted using words that suggest a specific state, while others use different suffixes or expressions entirely.
Counting Numbers Larger Than 10
- Basic counting system employs "group by 10" principle.
- Examples include 11 (ju-ichi, ten-one), 12 (ju-ni, ten-two, etc...).
- A standardized pattern emerges for 20, 30, 40 etc.
- This pattern continues for higher numbers, based on the decimal system, but with unique pronunciation rules for each number.
Mathematical Operations
- Numeral systems employed for mathematics are the same as the core numerical systems discussed.
- For example, "three plus two" is translated literally and expressed using the individual integer terms.
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Description
Test your understanding of Japanese counting systems, including the numbers from 1 to 10 and the rules for counting different objects. Discover how context affects the counting methods and specific vocabulary used in the Japanese language. Get ready to challenge yourself!
