Untitled Quiz

Hirschi was inspired by social disorganization theory on the weakening of controls and argued that controls are important to restrain criminal desires.

Social bonds theory locates control in a person's relation to society (external), while self-control theory focuses on internal controls within the individual.

Hirschi argues that all people are rational and motivated to pursue crime, but the level of self-control varies among individuals.

<p>The general theory of crime is composed of self-control, opportunity, and crime, where low self-control combined with opportunity leads to criminal behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The tendency of individuals to consider the long-term consequences of their actions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An act of force or fraud undertaken in pursuit of self-interest or pleasure, not dependent on law or culture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The specific condition under which low self-control most likely leads to crime.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<ol> <li>Focus on early childhood socialization; 2. A one-dimensional trait of self-control; 3. Theory of criminality.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

<ol> <li>Impulsivity; 2. Simple tasks preference; 3. Risk-seeking; 4. Physical activity preference; 5. Self-centeredness; 6. Low tolerance for frustration.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

<ol> <li>Child rearing; 2. Parental attachment; 3. Parental supervision; 4. Recognition of deviant behavior; 5. Punishment of deviant acts; 6. Parental criminality.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is the notion that crime rates peak during mid-late adolescence and decrease with age into adulthood.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Criminal propensity and criminal acts are separate; as individuals age, they engage more in conventional behaviors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Age is the strongest predictor of crime, with criminal involvement decreasing as age increases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<ol> <li>Age distribution is invariant; 2. Theories cannot be falsified; 3. Crime cannot be explained by other variables; 4. Age has a direct effect on crime; 5. Literature on age effects is misleading; 6. Longitudinal designs are not necessary.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It was the first to test the interaction of low self-control and opportunity regarding criminal behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<ol> <li>Low self-control is a unidimensional trait; 2. Opportunity has a significant effect on crime; 3. Self-control does not directly affect delinquency; 4. Interaction is modest.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They argued that self-report responses are less valid and that self-control aligns more with behavior than a trait approach.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It responds to criticisms of self-control theory.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<ol> <li>Tautology; 2. Stability over life; 3. Multiple pathways; 4. State dependence literature; 5. Versatility concepts; 6. Peer group effects.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

<ol> <li>Theories contain tautologies; 2. Stability is emphasized by age distribution; 3. Criminal acts must be viewed through self-control; 4. Utilization of broader definitions.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It tests the relationship between effective parenting and self-control.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Effective parents are both demanding and responsive; authoritative parenting is best for inducing self-regulation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Moderate support that parental monitoring relates to self-control and that effective parenting does not need to be extreme.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Self-control is the tendency to consider the full range of potential costs of a particular act.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It was one of the first tests of Hirschi's redefined self-control measure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They used college students to assess the likelihood of engaging in risky behaviors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Support for both scales; Hirschi's scale outperformed Grasmick's in predicting risky behaviors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<ol> <li>Low self-control cannot account for other sociological variables; 2. Ignoring social forces affecting parenting; 3. Late-life experiences matter.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers