Podcast
Questions and Answers
What topics does the field of social psychology study at the interpersonal level?
What topics does the field of social psychology study at the interpersonal level?
Emotions and attitudes, the self, and social cognition
What is an example of a situation that might influence behavior?
What is an example of a situation that might influence behavior?
Being in a crowd of bystanders when you witness someone fainting
Anna takes a ____ view of Bill.
Anna takes a ____ view of Bill.
situationist
____ holds that our behavior is determined by internal factors.
____ holds that our behavior is determined by internal factors.
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What does Lee's interpretation of Kara's behavior exemplify?
What does Lee's interpretation of Kara's behavior exemplify?
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What is an example of interpersonal behavior?
What is an example of interpersonal behavior?
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What are self-serving biases?
What are self-serving biases?
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What is groupthink?
What is groupthink?
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What does the Asch effect illustrate?
What does the Asch effect illustrate?
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What is the just world hypothesis?
What is the just world hypothesis?
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What is a social role?
What is a social role?
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A ____ is the evaluation of or feeling towards a person, idea, or object that is typically positive or negative.
A ____ is the evaluation of or feeling towards a person, idea, or object that is typically positive or negative.
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What does the foot-in-the-door technique involve?
What does the foot-in-the-door technique involve?
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Who conducted the Stanford prison experiment?
Who conducted the Stanford prison experiment?
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What are the three components of love according to Sternberg's triangular theory of love?
What are the three components of love according to Sternberg's triangular theory of love?
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What is the bystander effect?
What is the bystander effect?
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The ______ is demonstrated by the attack on Kitty Genovese.
The ______ is demonstrated by the attack on Kitty Genovese.
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What does the term 'social loafing' refer to?
What does the term 'social loafing' refer to?
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What is cognitive dissonance?
What is cognitive dissonance?
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What is instrumental aggression?
What is instrumental aggression?
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Study Notes
Social Psychology Overview
- Studies interactions at the interpersonal level, including emotions, attitudes, self-perception, and social cognition.
- Behavior results from both situational contexts and personal traits.
Behavior and Situations
- Situations can drastically influence behavior; for example, presence of bystanders can affect response during emergencies.
Attribution Theories
- Situationist View: Attributes behavior to situational factors (e.g., Anna perceiving Bill as rude due to environmental context).
- Dispositionism: Suggests behavior is shaped by internal traits.
- Fundamental Attribution Error: Tendency to overemphasize personal traits while underestimating situational circumstances (Lee assuming Kara is bullying without considering her bad day).
Group Dynamics
- Social psychology encompasses both interpersonal and intrapersonal behaviors, such as group processes.
- Groupthink: Occurs when individual opinions align with perceived group consensus, often modifying beliefs to fit in.
- Asch Effect: Demonstrates how group majority can sway an individual's judgment.
- Group Polarization: Strengthening of group attitudes following discussions.
Influences on Decision Making
- Informational Social Influence: Conformity based on belief that the group possesses accurate information.
- Normative Social Influence: Conformity driven by a desire to fit in socially.
- Central Route Persuasion: Logical, data-driven arguments aimed at convincing through facts.
- Peripheral Route Persuasion: Indirect strategies relying on associations, often through cues like celebrity endorsement.
Research Foundations
- Stanford Prison Experiment by Zimbardo: Illustrated how social roles heavily influence individual behavior.
- Milgram's Obedience Study: Explored how individuals obey authority even to the point of causing harm to others.
Attitudes and Beliefs
- Attitudes are evaluations towards people, ideas, or objects, which can be positive or negative.
- Just World Hypothesis: Belief that people get what they deserve in life.
- Self-Serving Bias: Tendency to attribute successes to oneself while blaming failures on external factors.
Love and Relationships
- Sternberg's Triangular Theory of Love identifies intimacy, passion, and commitment as key components.
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Types of Love:
- Consummate: Combines intimacy, passion, and commitment.
- Romantic: High intimacy and passion, but low commitment.
- Empty: Commitment without passion or intimacy.
- Fatuous: Passion and commitment without intimacy.
Social Behavior and Influence
- Pro-Social Behavior: Actions intended to benefit others, such as helping a family member.
- Diffusion of Responsibility: Tendency for individuals in a group to feel less personal responsibility to act.
- Bystander Effect: Fewer people help a victim when others are present.
Prejudice and Stereotyping
- Prejudice and discrimination can be based on various factors, including race, gender, sexuality, and age.
- Stereotypes: Overgeneralized beliefs about particular groups.
- Scapegoating: Blaming a group for broader social issues.
Cognitive Dissonance
- Occurs when a person holds conflicting beliefs or behaviors, leading to discomfort that prompts a change in beliefs or actions.
Group Identification
- In-Group Bias: Preference for one's group over others, influencing social relationships and prejudices.
Social Exchange Theory
- Relationships are viewed through a cost-benefit analysis, where individuals seek to maximize rewards and minimize costs.
Identity and Social Behaviour
- Group affiliations can shape identity and lead to social loafing, where individuals exert less effort in a group compared to working alone.
Strategies for Reducing Prejudice
- Encourage equal-status interactions and collaborative tasks among diverse groups to foster understanding and reduce biases.
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