IUPAC Chemical Nomenclature Quiz

IUPAC Chemical Nomenclature

• IUPAC stands for the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry
• It's an organization that sets standards for chemical nomenclature
• This presentation covers various types of chemical compounds and their naming conventions

Types of Chemical Compounds

• Covalent compounds
• Ionic compounds (binary)
• Ionic compounds (multivalent)
• Ionic compounds (polyatomic)
• Ionic compounds (hydrated)
• Binary acids
• Oxy-acids
• Simple organic compounds
• Elements

Binary Covalent Compounds

• Two atoms bonded with a difference in electronegativity less than 1.7
• No ions involved; no criss-crossing to find the formula
• Use prefixes to indicate the number of each atom
• The name ends in "-ide"
• Prefixes (e.g., mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta-) indicate the number of atoms of each element in the compound
• The prefix "mono" is never used for the first element in the formula

Examples of Covalent Naming

• Write the names for SO₂ and P₄O₁₀
• Write the formulas for phosphorus pentachloride and dinitrogen trioxide

Ionic Compounds - Binary

• Metal cations bond with non-metal anions
• Cations frequently have only one possible charge.
• Use a periodic table to predict charges for cations
• Simple anions use the suffix "-ide" (e.g., oxide, nitride, fluoride, bromide)

Ionic Compound Formulas

• Cation and anion charges must cancel out
• Criss-cross method can be used, but reduce if possible
• Example formulas: potassium iodide, lithium oxide, aluminum bromide, zinc nitride

Practice - Binary Ionic Compounds

• Give formulas for: potassium fluoride, sodium bromide, calcium chloride, magnesium sulfide, lithium nitride, and aluminum phosphide

Naming Ionic Compounds

• Name the metal cation first
• Name the nonmetal anion, change the ending to "-ide"
• No prefixes are used

Practice - Naming Ionic Compounds

• Name the following: NaCl, MgF₂, K₂S, AlBr₃, CaO, Mg₃N₂

Ionic Compounds - Multivalent

• Some metal cations have multiple possible charges
• Use Roman numerals in parentheses after the metal name to indicate the charge (e.g., iron(II), iron(III))
• Older naming system uses suffixes (-ic for higher charge, -ous for lower charge)

Practice - Multivalent Compounds

• Give formulas for: iron(II) sulfide, copper(I) oxide, tin(IV) oxide, chromium(III) bromide, nickel(II) oxide, iron(III) sulfide
• Name the following: FeO, SnF₄, PbO₂, CoF₃, Fe₂O₃, VF₄