3 Questions
What year did Gandhi return to India?
1915
What did Gandhi wear to identify himself with India's rural poor?
A dhoti
What year did India become a republic?
1950
Study Notes
- Mahatma Gandhi was born on October 2, 1869 in Gujarat, India
- He attended the Inner Temple in London and was called to the bar in 1891
- Gandhi moved to South Africa in 1893 to represent an Indian merchant in a lawsuit
- He lived in South Africa for 21 years
- Gandhi first employed nonviolent resistance in a campaign for civil rights
- In 1915, aged 45, he returned to India and soon set about organising peasants, farmers, and urban labourers to protest against excessive land-tax and discrimination
- Gandhi assumed leadership of the Indian National Congress in 1921
- Gandhi led nationwide campaigns for easing poverty, expanding womens rights, building religious and ethnic amity, ending untouchability, and, above all, achieving swaraj or self-rule
- Gandhi adopted the short dhoti woven with hand-spun yarn as a mark of identification with Indias rural poor
- Gandhi began to live in a self-sufficient residential community, to eat simple food, and undertake long fasts as a means of both introspection and political protest
- In 1947, Britain granted independence to India and the British Indian Empire was partitioned into two dominions, a Hindu-majority India and a Muslim-majority Pakistan
- Gandhi visited the affected areas after independence and attempted to alleviate distress
- Gandhi fasted for over 60 days in 1948 to press for payment from India to Pakistan
- India became a republic in 1950 and Gandhi was assassinated in January 1948.
Test your knowledge on the life and achievements of Mahatma Gandhi, a prominent leader in India's independence movement. Learn about his early life, activism in South Africa, leadership of the Indian National Congress, and his significant role in India's independence.
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