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Questions and Answers
What is the correct way to represent a value less than 1 in decimal form?
What is the correct way to represent a value less than 1 in decimal form?
Which symbol should be used to indicate multiplication of numbers and numerical values?
Which symbol should be used to indicate multiplication of numbers and numerical values?
How should numbers of items be expressed in a standard?
How should numbers of items be expressed in a standard?
Which system of units should be used in a standard?
Which system of units should be used in a standard?
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What is the purpose of undated references in a standard?
What is the purpose of undated references in a standard?
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How should numerical values of physical quantities be expressed in a standard?
How should numerical values of physical quantities be expressed in a standard?
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What is the correct way to make dated references to a standard?
What is the correct way to make dated references to a standard?
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Why are undated references used in a standard?
Why are undated references used in a standard?
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How can the elements that form a standard be classified?
How can the elements that form a standard be classified?
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What type of element is the Foreword?
What type of element is the Foreword?
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What is the purpose of the Table of contents?
What is the purpose of the Table of contents?
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What is the purpose of using arabic numbers in parentheses in a standard?
What is the purpose of using arabic numbers in parentheses in a standard?
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How should dimensions and tolerances be indicated in a standard?
How should dimensions and tolerances be indicated in a standard?
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What type of element is the Normative reference(s)?
What type of element is the Normative reference(s)?
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What is the difference between Normative technical elements and Informative supplementary elements?
What is the difference between Normative technical elements and Informative supplementary elements?
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What is the correct way to express a range of percentages?
What is the correct way to express a range of percentages?
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What type of element is the Title page?
What type of element is the Title page?
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What is the symbol for the damping coefficient in the given example?
What is the symbol for the damping coefficient in the given example?
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What is the purpose of the Introduction?
What is the purpose of the Introduction?
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How should the numbering of formulae in annexes be done?
How should the numbering of formulae in annexes be done?
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What is the correct way to express a center value with tolerance?
What is the correct way to express a center value with tolerance?
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What is the purpose of the Normative annex?
What is the purpose of the Normative annex?
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What is the purpose of the Informative annex?
What is the purpose of the Informative annex?
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What is the purpose of annex E in the standard?
What is the purpose of annex E in the standard?
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What is the unit of measurement in the example '80 mm x 25 mm x 50 mm'?
What is the unit of measurement in the example '80 mm x 25 mm x 50 mm'?
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What type of content can be included in the Informative annex?
What type of content can be included in the Informative annex?
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What is the primary purpose of defining concepts in a standard?
What is the primary purpose of defining concepts in a standard?
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What should be avoided in terminology standards?
What should be avoided in terminology standards?
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What happens to deprecated terms in a standard?
What happens to deprecated terms in a standard?
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What is the recommended approach for defining concepts used in multiple standards?
What is the recommended approach for defining concepts used in multiple standards?
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What type of standard may include a 'Terms and definitions' clause?
What type of standard may include a 'Terms and definitions' clause?
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Why should common dictionary terms be included in a standard?
Why should common dictionary terms be included in a standard?
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What should be checked before establishing a term and definition for a concept?
What should be checked before establishing a term and definition for a concept?
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What is the scope of concepts defined in an independent terminology standard?
What is the scope of concepts defined in an independent terminology standard?
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What is the verbal form used for statements of possibility and capability?
What is the verbal form used for statements of possibility and capability?
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What is the correct way to write units and symbols?
What is the correct way to write units and symbols?
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What should be done when combining numerical values with unit symbols?
What should be done when combining numerical values with unit symbols?
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What is the recommended way to subdivide the degree?
What is the recommended way to subdivide the degree?
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What should be avoided when using unit symbols?
What should be avoided when using unit symbols?
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What is the correct way to write 'seconds'?
What is the correct way to write 'seconds'?
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What is the correct way to write 'cubic centimeters'?
What is the correct way to write 'cubic centimeters'?
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What is the correct way to write 'liters'?
What is the correct way to write 'liters'?
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Study Notes
Subdivision of the Subject Matter within an Individual Standard
- A standard can be classified into elements in two ways: by their normative/informative nature and position within the structure, and by their required or optional presence.
- The elements of a standard can be arranged in a typical structure, which includes:
- Title page
- Table of contents
- Foreword
- Informative preliminary elements (e.g., Introduction, Scope, Normative reference)
- Normative general and technical elements (e.g., Requirements, Normative annex)
- Informative supplementary elements (e.g., Informative annex, Bibliography, Index)
Forms of References
- References to other standards should be made in a specific format, e.g., “… carry out the tests given in PAES 226:200…” or “… in accordance with PAES 301: ____, clause 3, …”.
- Undated references may be made only to a complete document or a part thereof, and only in specific cases, such as if it is accepted that it will be possible to use all future changes of the document referred to.
Representation of Numbers and Numerical Values
- When writing values less than 1 in decimal form, the decimal sign should be preceded by a zero, e.g., 0.001.
- The symbol x should be used to indicate multiplication of numbers and numerical values, e.g., 1.8 x 10-3.
- When expressing numbers of items, the numerals one to nine should be spelt out in full, e.g., “Carry out the test on five tubes, each 5 m long.”
- When expressing values of physical quantities, arabic numerals followed by the international symbol for the unit should be used, e.g., 5 m.
Quantities, Units, Symbols, and Signs
- The International System of units (SI) should be used, as set out in ISO 31.
- Dimensions and tolerances should be indicated in an unambiguous manner, e.g., 80 mm x 25 mm x 50 mm.
- Tolerances on percentages should be expressed in a mathematically correct form, e.g., “from 63 % to 67 %” or “(65 ± 2) %”.
Numbering of Formulae
- If necessary, formulae should be numbered in order to facilitate cross-reference, using arabic numbers in parentheses, beginning with 1.
- The numbering should be consecutive and independent of the numbering of clauses, tables, and figures.
Drafting and Presentation of Terms and Definitions
- Terminology may take the form of an independent terminology standard or be included in a “Terms and definitions” clause in a standard.
- Terms and definitions should be chosen to clarify concepts that are not self-explanatory or commonly known, and to avoid ambiguities.
- Common dictionary or current technical terms should be included only if they are used with a specific meaning in the relevant context.
Checklist Concerning Quantities and Units
- Do not mix symbols and names of units.
- Combine numerical values written in figures with unit symbols, e.g., “5 m”.
- Avoid using non-standardized abbreviated terms of units.
- Internationally standardized unit symbols should not be modified by adding subscripts or other information.
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Description
Quiz on the subdivision of subject matter within an individual standard, including normative and informative elements, and their required or optional presence.
