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Questions and Answers
The five pillars of Islam include Faith, Prayer, Charity, Fasting, and ______.
The five pillars of Islam include Faith, Prayer, Charity, Fasting, and ______.
Pilgrimage
The "Greater Jihad" refers to the struggle against one's ______ to become a better person.
The "Greater Jihad" refers to the struggle against one's ______ to become a better person.
lower self
The Crusades were primarily a series of religious wars fought between Christians and ______.
The Crusades were primarily a series of religious wars fought between Christians and ______.
Muslims
In Mere Christianity, C.S. Lewis focused on core beliefs shared by all Christian ______.
In Mere Christianity, C.S. Lewis focused on core beliefs shared by all Christian ______.
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Sharia provides religious regulations governing the lives of ______.
Sharia provides religious regulations governing the lives of ______.
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Roman Catholicism emphasizes the authority of the ______ and tradition.
Roman Catholicism emphasizes the authority of the ______ and tradition.
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Fasting during Ramadan is meant to foster self-discipline and ______.
Fasting during Ramadan is meant to foster self-discipline and ______.
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C.S. Lewis avoided controversial topics like denominational differences to present a ______ message.
C.S. Lewis avoided controversial topics like denominational differences to present a ______ message.
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Eastern Orthodoxy rejects ______ authority.
Eastern Orthodoxy rejects ______ authority.
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The Protestant Reformation began when Martin Luther criticized the sale of ______.
The Protestant Reformation began when Martin Luther criticized the sale of ______.
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Luther concluded that the ______, not the Pope, should be the authority.
Luther concluded that the ______, not the Pope, should be the authority.
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Christianity teaches that heaven will come down to ______.
Christianity teaches that heaven will come down to ______.
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Heaven is not our ultimate 'home' but a part of the ______ of the world.
Heaven is not our ultimate 'home' but a part of the ______ of the world.
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The Second Vatican Council took place from ______ to 1965.
The Second Vatican Council took place from ______ to 1965.
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Nostra Aetate is a document addressing the Church's view of ______.
Nostra Aetate is a document addressing the Church's view of ______.
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Protestantism stresses the Bible as the sole ______.
Protestantism stresses the Bible as the sole ______.
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Study Notes
Exam Format
- Exam is all essay, including one longer essay.
- Materials provided for short essay questions.
Five Pillars of Islam
- Faith: Declaration that there is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is the messenger.
- Prayer: Performing ritual prayers five times a day.
- Charity: Giving a portion (2.5%) of wealth to those in need.
- Fasting: Fasting during Ramadan, from dawn to sunset.
- Pilgrimage: A once-in-a-lifetime journey to Mecca.
Jihad
- Greater Jihad: Struggle against the lower self, including purifying the heart and avoiding evil.
- Lesser Jihad: Outward struggle and defending oneself in war.
Sharia
- Religious regulations for Muslims covering all aspects of life.
- Derived from the Quran and Hadith, providing guidelines.
- Including worship, personal matters, family, and laws.
Crusades
- Series of religious wars (11th-15th centuries).
- Primarily between Christians and Muslims.
- Goal: Reclaiming Jerusalem and the Holy Land.
- Motivations included religious zeal, political power, economic gain and spreading Christianity.
CS Lewis's "Mere Christianity"
- Focused on core Christian beliefs shared by all denominations.
- Avoided complex theological topics, denominational differences, Church structure and teachings that divided Christians.
- Presented a simple and accessible message to unite Christians.
Branches of Christianity
- Roman Catholicism: Largest branch, centered on the authority of the Pope and tradition. Emphasizes seven sacraments and venerates saints and Mary.
- Eastern Orthodoxy: Composed of independent churches. Values tradition and scripture, rejects papal authority, and uses icons.
- Protestantism: Originated from the Reformation. Bible as sole authority, salvation through faith (Sola Scriptura, Sola Fide), and generally recognizes two sacraments (Baptism and Eucharist).
Protestant Reformation
- Began with Martin Luther’s criticism of the sale of indulgences.
- Luther argued that indulgences couldn't forgive sins, and that salvation came through faith alone.
- The Church rejected Luther's criticisms.
- Luther's conclusions lead to his rejection of the Catholic Church and the beginning of the Reformation with justification by faith (Sola Fide).
What is Heaven
- Not our ultimate home, but the complete restoration of our world.
- Driven by Jesus' resurrection and the beginning of God's New Creation
- Heaven will come to earth and everything will be renewed.
- Our hope lies in this complete restoration.
Second Vatican Council and Nostra Aetate
- Marked a significant shift in the Catholic Church's approach to other religions.
- Nostra Aetate emphasized a more respectful and open stance towards other faiths.
- Recognized that elements of truth can be found in other religions while reaffirming Jesus Christ as the final, complete revelation.
- The Church remained committed to preaching the Gospel of Jesus Christ while respecting other religions.
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Description
This quiz covers key concepts in Islamic studies, including the Five Pillars of Islam, the distinctions between greater and lesser jihad, and the essence of Sharia law. Additionally, it explores the historical context of the Crusades and their impact on Muslim-Christian relationships. Prepare to engage with both short and longer essay questions.
