Islamic Shariah and Fiqh Concepts Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the linguistic meaning of Shariah in Islam?

A collection of traditions

A mode of worship

A set of religious rituals

A straight path (correct)

Which of the following best describes the concept of fiqh in Islam?

The understanding of Islamic law (correct)

A method of Islamic governance

A tradition of mutual respect

The study of Islamic philosophy

What role do schools of thought play in Islamic Fiqh?

They establish government regulations

They unite all interpretations

They abolish traditional practices

They provide differing interpretations of Islamic law (correct)

How does Shariah influence the practice of Islamic Fiqh?

It acts as a guiding framework for legal rulings Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Shariah?

It is strictly based on cultural customs Signup and view all the answers

What does the verse in surah Yusuf verse 53 imply about the human soul?

The soul continually urges individuals to commit evil. Signup and view all the answers

According to Imam Al-Ghazali, what role does lust play in a person's spiritual life?

It is a tool for the devil to lead one to ruin. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the main theme of surah Yusuf verse 53?

The divine mercy can overcome all evil intentions. Signup and view all the answers

What does fasting aim to cultivate in human beings, according to the spiritual context provided?

Detachment from worldly desires and refinement of the soul. Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of succumbing to lust as mentioned by Imam Al-Ghazali?

It diverts attention from ethical behaviors. Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential component of Hajj or Umrah that must be performed for it to be valid?

Circumambulation Signup and view all the answers

Where does the journey for Sai begin in the Hajj or Umrah pilgrimage?

Safa Hill Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately reflects a misconception people might have about Hajj and Umrah?

Performing Sai is optional for validity. Signup and view all the answers

Which hill is NOT involved in the Sai ritual during Hajj or Umrah?

Arafat Signup and view all the answers

In what context is the term 'Malikiah' mentioned concerning Hajj and Umrah?

It refers to a category of obligatory acts. Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the defects that can occur during contracting?

Contracts that contain fraud Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a contract that incurs losses?

A contract that ultimately does not fulfill its purpose Signup and view all the answers

What element in a contract indicates coercion?

Pressure to agree to unfavorable terms Signup and view all the answers

Which situation would NOT be considered a defect in a contract?

Contracts that include a space for amendments Signup and view all the answers

Who asked the Prophet about a woman dreaming of sexual acts?

Khaulah bint Hakim Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of contracts that contain defects?

They may involve illegitimate pressures or misrepresentation Signup and view all the answers

What was the main topic of the hadith discussed?

The interpretation of sexual dreams in women. Signup and view all the answers

According to the hadith, how should a woman interpret a dream of having sex?

She does not have to take any action. Signup and view all the answers

What does the hadith compare the woman's dream to?

Men dreaming of having sexual relationships. Signup and view all the answers

In the context of this hadith, what is primarily discussed concerning men?

The act of having wet dreams. Signup and view all the answers

What is the implication of Khaulah's question in the hadith?

It indicates a societal concern about women's sexuality. Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred about the cultural context of the hadith?

There was an open discussion about sexual dreams. Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of dreams is least likely addressed in the hadith?

The effects of dreams on daily life. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered a mandatory act during Hajj according to the Hanafi school?

Tawaf Wada' Signup and view all the answers

Which act is common among all four Sunni schools of thought as an obligation during Hajj?

Wukuf in Muzdalifah Signup and view all the answers

In the context of Hajj, what is the significance of the statement 'The hajj is in Arafah'?

It emphasizes the central act of the pilgrimage, Wukuf in Arafah. Signup and view all the answers

Which act is specifically performed during Umrah and not during Hajj?

Tawaf Qudum Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an obligatory act for the Hanbali school during Hajj?

Mabit in Muzdalifah Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Chapter 3: Shariah (Islamic Laws)

Shariah linguistically means a straight path, and religiously, a path of teaching (manhaj)
Shariah is a set of revealed rulings from the Qur'an and Sunnah, about faith (aqidah) and actions of the believers (mukallaf deeds).
The rulings can be definitive (qath'ie) or speculative (zhanni)
Allah prescribed a law and a method for each individual (surah al-Maidah verse 48)
Allah instructed to follow an ordained way concerning the matter (of religion) and not to follow whims of those who do not know (surah al-Jathiah verse 18)

Features of Shariah

Rabbaniah (Divine origin): Shariah is a set of laws and moral system determined by Allah, free from weaknesses like injustice. It is protected and has been refined by Allah.
Syumuliah (Comprehensive): Islam's knowledge covers all aspects of human life, from smallest issues to the biggest. It is complete and has answers to everything.
'Alamiah (Universal): Islamic Sharia transcends boundaries of color, race, and geography.
Waqi'iyyah (Realistic & Practical): Islam is practically applicable
Thabat wa murunah (Permanence & Flexibility): The principles of sources remain the same, but the branches of knowledge (furu'iyyat) are variable. The Islamic disciplinary needs adaptation for worldly matters.

Maqasid Shariah (The Aims/Purposes of Shariah)

Maqasid Shariah refers to the objectives of Shariah with meanings based on facts and statements.
Scholars of usul fiqh explained it as the meaning and purpose in prescribing laws for mankind's welfare.
Consideration of benefits and rejection of disadvantages, based on Qur'an and Sunnah values.

Maslahah Daruriyah

Preservation of necessities of life is the main goal.
Five primary aims/purposes as identified by Imam al-Shatibi:
1. Religious faith
2. Life/Self
3. Mind/Intellect
4. Progeny/Dignity
5. Property

Maslahah Hajiyah

Meets needs towards a better life.
Provides conveniences in case of difficulties in life
Example: owning a vehicle for transportation

Maslahah Tahsiniyah

Pertains to laws for betterment in life.
Improving human conduct, morals and quality of life
Example: having good transportation, and clothing of high quality

The Fiqh Knowledge

Fiqh literally means understanding and specifically, understanding in religion (from the Prophet SAW)
Technically, Fiqh refers to deriving practical legal rules from Islamic sources (Shariah)
A person knowledgeable in religious matters is called a Faqih
The law of Fiqh is categorized into five: Fard, Mandub, Mubah, Makruh, Haram

The Law of Fiqh - Wajib/Fard

Wajib 'ayni: Individual obligation (prayer, fasting, pilgrimage)
Wajib kifai: Communal obligation (burying a corpse). If one does so, the rest are exempted.
Mutlaq: No set time/conditions for performance (e.g., kaffarah if not fasting)
Muqayyad: With set time/conditions (e.g., Subuh prayer, beginning & end)
Muhaddad: Act with a determined amount/extent (e.g., 5 daily prayers, 2.5% Zakat)
Ghair Muhaddad: Act without a fixed amount (e.g., charity, expenditure)
Muayyan: Specific act with no specific choice (e.g., prayer)
Mukhayyar: Act with some choices (e.g., punishment for oath breaking: feed needy, free slave)

The Law of Fiqh - Mandub (Sunnah)

Sunnah Mu'akkadah: Highly recommended (e.g., congregational prayer, Azan, Iqamah, Qunut)
Sunnah Ghayr Mu'akkadah: Recommended but not consistently performed by Prophet (e.g., charity, prayer before Asr or Isha)
Sunnah Zawa'id: Recommended but not obligatory (e.g., Prophetic daily routines).

The Law of Fiqh - Makruh

Makruh Tahriman: Close to haram (e.g., marrying someone with HIV)
Makruh Tanzihan: Disliked by itself (e.g., eating durian while praying in congregation)

The Law of Fiqh - Haram

Haram li zatihi: Forbidden by nature/inherent quality (e.g., eating pork, sexual intercourse before marriage)
Haram li gharihi: Forbidden due to external factors (e.g., eating stolen chicken)

Islamic Fiqh Knowledge

Fiqh Ibadah: Devotion and worship to Allah (e.g., purification, prayer, fasting, zakat, hajj & Umrah, corpse management)
Fiqh Muamalah: Religious rules related to property transactions, and protecting property from compulsion, fraud, or tyranny.
Fiqh Munakahah: Marriage law.
Fiqh Jinayah: Criminal law.

Purification (Taharah)

Taharah means cleanliness/purification from ritual impurities.
It is an act of purification from ritual impurity or filth before acts of worship like prayers.
It signifies faith and piousness.
Different types of impurities: Mughallazah (major), Mutawasitah (medium), Mukhaffafah (minor)

Partial Ablution (Wudu')

Wudu' involves cleansing certain parts of the body (face, hands, and feet).
An act of cleanliness and piety before performing prayers.
It is required before any type of Islamic prayers.
Wudu' is done with water. It can be cancelled/invalidated by various actions like urination, defacation, and touching non-Mahram.

Full Ablution (Bath)

Full Ablution involves washing the entire body with water.
Required in specific situations (sexual intercourse, death, and conversion to Islam).
Also required after menstruation or childbirth issues.

Dry Ablution (Tayamum)

Tayamum is an alternative to water for ablution when water is unavailable.
It involves rubbing the face and hands on clean soil.
It is permissible in situations where accessing water is impossible.

Prayer (Solat)

Prayer is an act of worship done with specific words and actions, starting with takbir and ending with salam.
The advantage of prayer and how prayer can hold sins committed amongst people.
Five daily prayers are obligatory for Muslims.

The Concept of Zakat

It is a purification of wealth.
It's a compulsory act in Islam.
The amount is calculated as a portion of wealth.

Hajj & Umrah

Etymology: Visiting/Pilgrimage
Hajj: Pilgrimage to Makkah (performing specific rites)
Umrah: Minor pilgrimage to Makkah.

The Corpse Management

Handling of the deceased in Islam.
Obligation on family to organise the funeral and manage the corpse.
Specific procedures for bathing, shrouding, praying and burial of the deceased.

Fiqh Muamalah

The marriage contract between two people who are not Mahram.
It is required that there is a contract or intercourse in real life.
Other things that are related to Fiqh Muamalah (Concept Property, Types of Property, and Concepts of Property Rights).

Fiqh Munakahah

This entails the Islamic laws of marriage, including procedures for marriage, divorce and other related issues.
Includes discussions on dowry, talaq (divorce) aspects, polygamy, the concept of iddah, and ruju`.

Fiqh Jinayah

It entails Islamic views about criminal acts and punishment.
Includes discussions on the types of crimes, types of punishments, legal methods and laws of enforcement.

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Description

Test your understanding of Shariah and Fiqh in Islam through this engaging quiz. Explore key concepts such as the linguistic meaning of Shariah, the role of lust in spirituality, and the rituals of Hajj. Deepen your knowledge of Islamic principles and their applications.