Hypoxic damage to the heart
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is the correct definition of ischaemia?

  • Inadequate blood supply to an organ or part of it (correct)
  • Death of a tissue due to excessive blood supply
  • Inadequate blood supply to a tissue resulting in tissue death
  • Death of a tissue due to insufficient blood supply
  • What is the main cause of cell injury and cell death in hypoxia?

  • Swelling of endoplasmic reticulum
  • Reduced protein synthesis
  • Accumulation of lactic acid
  • Failure of oxidative phosphorylation (correct)
  • What is the effect of malfunctioning Na+/K+ pump in hypoxic damage?

  • Accumulation of calcium in the cytosol
  • Increased anaerobic glycolysis
  • Reduced protein synthesis
  • Cell swelling and dilation of endoplasmic reticulum (correct)
  • Which of the following is a consequence of shift from aerobic to anaerobic respiration in hypoxic damage?

    <p>Accumulation of lactic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to intracellular pH levels in hypoxic damage?

    <p>It drops to levels where enzymes cannot function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of malfunctioning Ca2+ pump in hypoxic damage?

    <p>Increased mitochondrial membrane permeability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ultimate result of hypoxic damage to mitochondrial and lysosomal membranes?

    <p>Irreversible damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle is involved in the release of lysosomal enzymes and reactive oxygen species during cell destruction?

    <p>Mitochondrion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of hypoxia and ischemia on the smooth ER?

    <p>ER swelling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process is enhanced in hypoxia and ischemia, leading to an increase in lactic acid production?

    <p>Anaerobic glycolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ion experiences an influx in hypoxia and ischemia?

    <p>Ca2+</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of hypoxia and ischemia on the cell membrane?

    <p>Disruption of membrane and cytoskeletal proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a consequence of hypoxia and ischemia on ATP production?

    <p>Decreased ATP production</p> Signup and view all the answers

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