13 Questions
Which of the following is the correct definition of ischaemia?
Inadequate blood supply to an organ or part of it
What is the main cause of cell injury and cell death in hypoxia?
Failure of oxidative phosphorylation
What is the effect of malfunctioning Na+/K+ pump in hypoxic damage?
Cell swelling and dilation of endoplasmic reticulum
Which of the following is a consequence of shift from aerobic to anaerobic respiration in hypoxic damage?
Accumulation of lactic acid
What happens to intracellular pH levels in hypoxic damage?
It drops to levels where enzymes cannot function
What is the consequence of malfunctioning Ca2+ pump in hypoxic damage?
Increased mitochondrial membrane permeability
What is the ultimate result of hypoxic damage to mitochondrial and lysosomal membranes?
Irreversible damage
Which organelle is involved in the release of lysosomal enzymes and reactive oxygen species during cell destruction?
Mitochondrion
What is the consequence of hypoxia and ischemia on the smooth ER?
ER swelling
Which process is enhanced in hypoxia and ischemia, leading to an increase in lactic acid production?
Anaerobic glycolysis
Which ion experiences an influx in hypoxia and ischemia?
Ca2+
What is the primary effect of hypoxia and ischemia on the cell membrane?
Disruption of membrane and cytoskeletal proteins
Which of the following is a consequence of hypoxia and ischemia on ATP production?
Decreased ATP production
Test your knowledge on the definitions of ischaemia and infarction, as well as the mechanisms of hypoxic damage. Learn about inadequate blood supply, tissue death, and the role of oxygen in cell injury and death.
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