Isaac Newton's Scientific Contributions

<p>It applied a novel system of mirrors to capture and clarify images. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It synthesized empirical observations within a cohesive mathematical framework. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He suppressed dissenting theories, consolidating his scientific dominance. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It combined experimental results with theoretical constructs, advancing optics. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It prompted questions about forces governing both terrestrial and celestial motion. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Largely speculative, which Newton grounded in empirical evidence and mathematical rigor. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A synthesis of observation, experimentation, and mathematical formulation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He designed reflecting telescopes using mirrors, which reduced chromatic aberration and produced sharper images compared to lens-based telescopes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Newton's law uniquely identifies gravity as a force acting between all objects with mass, extending its influence beyond Earth to celestial bodies. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An object is in equilibrium when the net force acting on it is zero, implying that it either remains at rest or continues moving at a constant velocity, consistent with the first law. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Huygens proposed that light traveled as a wave, while Newton advocated for a corpuscular (particle) theory of light; this disagreement extended to their differing views on gravity and other physical phenomena. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Huygens's invention of the pendulum clock provided a precise method of timekeeping, enabling more accurate measurements in scientific experiments and astronomical observations. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It posits that acceleration is directly proportional to the net force acting on an object and inversely proportional to its mass, mathematically expressed as $F=ma$. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The rocket moves forward by expelling gases in the opposite direction; the force exerted on the gases equals the force exerted by the gases on the rocket, propelling it forward. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>White light is composed of all colors of the spectrum, a discovery that revolutionized optics by showing that color is an inherent property of light, not of objects. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>White light could be separated into different colors of the spectrum, demonstrating that white light is composed of all colors and revolutionizing the understanding of light and color. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By challenging established Aristotelian views and demonstrating that the same laws govern both celestial and terrestrial phenomena through mathematical laws and empirical observation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Three fundamental principles that describe the relationship between motion and forces acting on objects.

The law stating that every mass attracts every other mass in the universe, proportionally to their mass and inversely to the distance squared.

The moment when Newton noticed an apple falling, which sparked his thoughts on gravity.

A telescope designed by Newton that uses mirrors instead of lenses to enhance image clarity.

Newton's 1687 publication that outlines his three laws of motion and law of universal gravitation.

Newton's 1704 work where he describes his experiments with light and color.

The prestigious university where Newton studied and developed many of his theories.

The title held by Newton as President of the Royal Society from 1703 until his death.

The event that caused Cambridge University to close in 1665, prompting Newton to work at home.

Experiments conducted by Newton that showed white light is composed of different colors.

A 17th-century Dutch scientist known for discoveries in physics and astronomy.

Huygens discovered Saturn's largest moon and described its rings accurately.

Huygens proposed that light travels in waves, contrasting Newton's particle theory.

Huygens discovered that a pendulum can effectively regulate clock movement.

A static object will remain at rest unless acted upon by a force.

Acceleration of an object depends on the force exerted and its mass.

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

All objects exert a gravitational pull on each other, a universal force.

Newton designed a telescope using mirrors for sharper images.

An English scientist known for foundational contributions to physics and mathematics.

Newton developed the foundations of calculus at the age of 24.

A prestigious scientific institution where Newton was President.

An anecdote illustrating Newton's thoughts on gravity after observing an apple fall.

Position held by Newton, overseeing currency production in England.

Various roles held by Newton despite his solitary nature.

Planets and stars influenced by Newton's laws of motion and gravitation.

The extensive volume of writings produced by Newton throughout his life.

Newton's concept explaining the gravitational framework of the universe.