Irrigation Terminology Quiz

Questions and Answers

Who serves as a Project Manager among the listed individuals?

Dr. Elmer D. Castillo

Dr. Armando N. Espino Jr.

Engr. Darwin C. Aranguren (correct)

Dr. Roger A. Luyun Jr.

Which educational institution is associated with Dr. Roger A. Luyun Jr.?

University of the Philippines Los Baños (correct)

Department of Agriculture

Philippine Society of Agricultural Engineers

Central Luzon State University

Which organization is presented first in the list of entities?

Board of Agricultural Engineering (correct)

Professional Regulation Commission

Bureau of Soils and Water Management

Department of Agriculture

What is the role of Engr. Francia M. Macalintal?

Project Manager Signup and view all the answers

Which individual is associated with the Philippine Society of Agricultural Engineers?

Dr. Armando N. Espino Jr. Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'active storage' refer to in irrigation terminology?

Volume of water stored in a reservoir between minimum and normal water levels Signup and view all the answers

In the context of irrigation, what is 'conveyance efficiency'?

Ratio of water received at the inlet to that released at the project’s headwork Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'crop coefficient' represent?

Ratio of actual crop evapotranspiration to potential evapotranspiration Signup and view all the answers

What is defined as 'effective rainfall' in irrigation?

Rainwater available for crop use excluding runoff and deep percolation Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a diversion dam in irrigation?

To raise water levels and divert water into the main canal for irrigation Signup and view all the answers

What is 'algal bloom' in the context of irrigation?

Overgrowth of algae that produces dangerous toxins Signup and view all the answers

In irrigation terminology, what does 'contamination' refer to?

The introduction of substances that make water unfit for use Signup and view all the answers

What does 'drip irrigation' primarily involve?

Applying water through emitters at very low rates directly onto the soil Signup and view all the answers

What is 'crop water requirements' a measure of?

Amount of water required for producing crops including losses Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of emitters in an irrigation system?

To disperse water in a uniform manner at low pressure Signup and view all the answers

What does 'basin irrigation' involve?

Applying water through gaps in dikes to retain water on level fields Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'bearing capacity' refer to in irrigation infrastructure?

Maximum pressure that the soil can support without failure Signup and view all the answers

What is the 'channel bed slope' in the context of irrigation channels?

Measure of rise or drop over a specific length of the channel Signup and view all the answers

What defines 'distribution uniformity' in irrigation systems?

Numerical value indicating uniformity of water application Signup and view all the answers

Which publication focuses specifically on seepage rates from irrigation canals?

Seepage Rates from Irrigation Canals Signup and view all the answers

Which author wrote about localized irrigation systems planning and design?

A.P. Savva Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of the Technical Release No. 25 by the United States Department of Agriculture?

Design of Open Channels Signup and view all the answers

Who served as the chair for the Technical Working Group for the Development of Philippine National Standard for General Irrigation Terminologies?

Engr. Bonifacio S. Labiano Signup and view all the answers

Which publication serves as a comprehensive guide to soil and water conservation engineering?

Soil and Water Conservation Engineering Signup and view all the answers

In what year was the FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 45 published?

1989 Signup and view all the answers

Which document outlines the design standards for canals and related structures?

Design Standards No.3 Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus area of the World Health Organization's guidelines mentioned?

Safe Use of Wastewater, Excreta, and Greywater Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes an unconfined aquifer?

The water table serves as the upper surface of the saturated zone. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a water balance?

A calculation of inflows and outflows of water. Signup and view all the answers

What does the uniformity coefficient measure?

The range of particle sizes in a soil sample. Signup and view all the answers

What type of irrigation method utilizes furrows or strips of land?

Surface irrigation Signup and view all the answers

Which feature describes a zoned embankment dam?

It consists of a central impervious core flanked by pervious materials. Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'well log' refer to?

A record of aquifer physical characteristics and stratification. Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a well-protected reservoir?

It is shielded by high mountain barriers. Signup and view all the answers

How is wastewater defined?

Liquid state waste containing pollutants. Signup and view all the answers

What does the manufacturer's coefficient of variation measure?

Variability of discharge from a sample of emitters Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes a spillway that is not man-made?

Natural spillway Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes normal depth in a channel?

Constant flow depth under uniform conditions Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a seepage line?

To show where seepage occurs without filters Signup and view all the answers

What does the term pan coefficient refer to?

Ratio of reference evapotranspiration to pan evaporation Signup and view all the answers

How is optimal emitter spacing determined?

80% of the wetted diameter from field tests Signup and view all the answers

What describes a potential irrigable area?

Area capable of irrigation based on multiple factors Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of pollution in this context?

Any change affecting water or land quality Signup and view all the answers

What defines the storage ratio?

Capacity compared to earth volume for embankment Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the surface irrigation system?

Application of water by gravity flow to field surfaces Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a road crossing in irrigation?

Convey canal water under roads or railroads Signup and view all the answers

What does the term residual moisture content indicate?

Moisture remaining in soil before irrigation starts Signup and view all the answers

What defines seismicity?

Frequency of earthquakes in a region Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

General Irrigation Terminologies

The term "shall" denotes mandatory compliance, while "should" suggests a recommended option among several choices.

Scope of the Standard

Defines terminology relevant to the classification, planning, design, construction, and operation of irrigation systems.

Key Terminology

Access Areas: Publicly accessible zones like parks and playgrounds.
Active Storage: Water volume between minimum and normal levels in a reservoir.
Actual Crop Evapotranspiration: Evapotranspiration rate affected by soil water availability and other factors, generally less than predicted rates.
Algal Bloom: Excessive algae growth producing toxins in water bodies.
Application Efficiency: Ratio of water effectively stored in the root zone to total water applied.
Aquifer: Geological formation capable of storing and transmitting water.
Basin Irrigation: Surface irrigation method where water is applied to a level field enclosed by dikes until it infiltrates the soil.
Border Irrigation: Involves the use of border strips for irrigation allowing water to flow uniformly down a slope.

Hydraulic Terms

Contamination: Unnatural substance introduction that affects water quality.
Conveyance Efficiency: Ratio of water received at field inlets to that released at project headworks.
Critical Depth: Minimum energy content depth in water flow.
Crop Coefficient: Ratio of actual to potential crop evapotranspiration.
Effective Rainfall: Rainwater directly usable by crops, excluding runoff or percolation losses.

Irrigation Methods

Drip Irrigation: Delivers water slowly at low rates directly onto the soil near the plants.
Sprinkler Irrigation: Mimics rainfall by pumping water through pipes and spraying it into the air.

Storage and Capacity

Dead Storage: Volume below the intake structure that accounts for sediment accumulation.
Normal Storage Elevation: Max water elevation achievable without spillway flow.
Storage Ratio: Indicates cost efficiency of different reservoir types.

Water Quality and Pollution

Effluent: Wastewater discharges, including industrial and domestic sources.
Pollutant: Any harmful substance that alters water or land quality.

Miscellaneous Terms

Seepage: Water loss from transport channels due to percolation or leakage.
Water Balance: Inflow and outflow tracking for effective irrigation management.
Watershed: The area draining into a reservoir.

Regulatory Aspects

Water Right: Legal grant from the government to use water resources.
Well Log: Documentation of aquifer characteristics, including depth and material composition.

Structural Considerations

Zoned Embankment: A dam designed with an impervious core and surrounding zones of permeable materials.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Test your knowledge on essential irrigation terminologies. This quiz covers key terms related to irrigation system classification, planning, and design, helping you understand the fundamental concepts of efficient water management. Perfect for students or professionals in the field of agriculture and water resources.