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Questions and Answers

What describes anatomical position?

  • The body is lying down.
  • The body is erect with arms hanging at the sides. (correct)
  • The body is in a fetal position.
  • The body is rotated.

What does 'superior' mean?

Above; at a higher level (towards the head)

What does 'inferior' mean?

Below; at a lower level

What does 'anterior' refer to?

<p>The front; before (Ventral)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by the term 'posterior'?

<p>The back; behind (Dorsal)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'medial' mean?

<p>Towards the body's longitudinal axis (the middle; mid-sagittal plane)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'lateral' refer to?

<p>Away from the body's longitudinal axis (away from the midline)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'intermediate' mean?

<p>Between two structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'proximal' mean?

<p>Towards an attached base</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'distal' refer to?

<p>Away from an attached base</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define 'superficial'.

<p>At, near, or relatively close to the body surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'deep' mean?

<p>Farther from the body surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

The shoulders are _______ to the hips.

<p>superior</p> Signup and view all the answers

The feet are _______ to the hips.

<p>inferior</p> Signup and view all the answers

The navel is on the _______ surface of the trunk.

<p>anterior</p> Signup and view all the answers

The kidneys are _______ to the small intestines.

<p>posterior</p> Signup and view all the answers

The heart is _______ to the lungs.

<p>medial</p> Signup and view all the answers

Moving _______ from the nose is the eyes.

<p>laterally (lateral)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The elbow is _______ to the shoulder and wrist.

<p>intermediate</p> Signup and view all the answers

The thigh is _______ to the foot.

<p>proximal</p> Signup and view all the answers

Each foot is _______ to each knee.

<p>distal</p> Signup and view all the answers

The scalp is _______ to the skull.

<p>superficial</p> Signup and view all the answers

The brain is _____ compared to the skull which surrounds it.

<p>deep</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the sagittal plane?

<p>Runs longitudinally and divides the body into right and left portions</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the midsagittal plane?

<p>Runs along the midline and divides the body into equal left and right portions</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the frontal (coronal) plane do?

<p>Runs longitudinally and divides the body into posterior and anterior portions</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the transverse plane?

<p>Runs horizontally and divides the body into superior and inferior portions</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'frontal' in anatomical terms?

<p>Forehead</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'orbital/ocular' refer to?

<p>Eye</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'oris' mean?

<p>Mouth</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by 'mentis'?

<p>Chin</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'cephalon' refer to?

<p>Head</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'occipital' in anatomical terms?

<p>Back of the skull</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'nasus' mean?

<p>Nose</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'cervicis' refer to?

<p>Neck</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'acromion'?

<p>Point of the shoulder</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'thoracic' refer to?

<p>Chest</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by 'axilla'?

<p>Armpit</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'mamma' mean?

<p>Breast</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define 'brachium'.

<p>Arm (shoulder to elbow)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'antecubitis'?

<p>Front of the elbow</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'olecranon' refer to?

<p>Back of elbow (point of elbow)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'antebrachium'?

<p>Forearm</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'carpus' mean?

<p>Wrist</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'palm' in anatomical terminology?

<p>Palm</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'digits (phalanges)' refer to?

<p>Fingers / toes</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define 'dorsum'.

<p>Back</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'lumbar' mean?

<p>Loin (region from rib to lower spine)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'abdomen'?

<p>Stomach</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'umbilicus' refer to?

<p>Navel</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'gluteus'?

<p>Buttocks</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'sacrum' mean?

<p>Region in-between hips</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'inguinal'?

<p>Groin</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define 'pelvis'.

<p>Hip region</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'pubis' refer to?

<p>Genitals</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'femoral'?

<p>Thigh (hip to knee)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'patellar' mean?

<p>Kneecap</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'crural'?

<p>Leg (knee to ankle)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define 'popliteus'.

<p>Back of knee</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'sural' mean?

<p>Calf</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'calcaneus'?

<p>Heel</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'plantar' refer to?

<p>Sole of the foot</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Anatomical Position & Terminology

  • Anatomical position: Body is erect, arms at sides, palms forward, thumbs pointing away.
  • Superior: Refers to a position above or closer to the head.
  • Inferior: Indicates a position below or further from the head.
  • Anterior: Describes the front side of the body; synonymous with ventral.
  • Posterior: Refers to the back side of the body; synonymous with dorsal.
  • Medial: Pertains to a position towards the body's midline.
  • Lateral: Indicates a position away from the body's midline.
  • Intermediate: Refers to a location between two structures.
  • Proximal: Describes a position closer to an attached base, e.g., the shoulder to the elbow.
  • Distal: Indicates a position further from an attached base, e.g., the fingers relative to the shoulder.
  • Superficial: Refers to structures closer to the body surface.
  • Deep: Denotes structures further away from the body surface.

Directional Terminology Examples

  • Shoulders are superior to hips.
  • Feet are inferior to hips.
  • Navel is anterior on the trunk.
  • Kidneys are posterior to the small intestines.
  • Heart is medial to the lungs.
  • Eyes move laterally from the nose.
  • Elbow is intermediate to shoulder and wrist.
  • Thigh is proximal to the foot; each foot is distal to each knee.
  • Scalp is superficial to the skull; brain is deep compared to surrounding skull.

Planes of the Body

  • Sagittal plane: Divides body into right and left portions.
  • Midsagittal plane: Splits body into equal left and right parts along the midline.
  • Frontal (coronal) plane: Divides body into anterior and posterior portions.
  • Transverse plane: Divides body horizontally into superior and inferior portions.

Anatomical Regions

  • Frontal: Refers to the forehead.
  • Orbital/Ocular: Pertains to the eye.
  • Oris: Refers to the mouth.
  • Mentis: Indicates the chin.
  • Cephalon: Represents the head.
  • Occipital: Refers to the back of the skull.
  • Nasus: Pertains to the nose.
  • Cervicis: Indicates the neck.
  • Acromion: Point of the shoulder.
  • Thoracic: Refers to the chest region.
  • Axilla: Pertains to the armpit area.
  • Mamma: Indicates the breast.
  • Brachium: Refers to the arm between shoulder and elbow.
  • Antecubitis: Front of the elbow.
  • Olecranon: Back of the elbow (point).
  • Antebrachium: Indicates the forearm.
  • Carpus: Refers to the wrist.
  • Digits (phalanges): Pertains to fingers or toes.
  • Dorsum: Refers to the back of the body.
  • Lumbar: Indicates lower back region between ribs and lower spine.
  • Abdomen: Refers to the stomach area.
  • Umbilicus: Indicates the navel.
  • Gluteus: Refers to the buttocks.
  • Sacrum: Area between the hips.
  • Inguinal: Pertains to the groin region.
  • Pelvis: Refers to the hip region.
  • Pubis: Indicates the genital area.
  • Femoral: Pertains to the thigh, from hip to knee.
  • Patellar: Refers to the kneecap.
  • Crural: Indicates the leg, from knee to ankle.
  • Popliteus: Refers to the back of the knee.
  • Sural: Indicates the calf region.
  • Calcaneus: Refers to the heel.
  • Plantar: Relates to the bottom of the foot.

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