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Questions and Answers

What describes anatomical position?

  • The body is lying down.
  • The body is erect with arms hanging at the sides. (correct)
  • The body is in a fetal position.
  • The body is rotated.

    • What does 'superior' mean?

    Above; at a higher level (towards the head)

    What does 'inferior' mean?

    Below; at a lower level

    What does 'anterior' refer to?

    <p>The front; before (Ventral)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by the term 'posterior'?

    <p>The back; behind (Dorsal)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'medial' mean?

    <p>Towards the body's longitudinal axis (the middle; mid-sagittal plane)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'lateral' refer to?

    <p>Away from the body's longitudinal axis (away from the midline)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'intermediate' mean?

    <p>Between two structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'proximal' mean?

    <p>Towards an attached base</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'distal' refer to?

    <p>Away from an attached base</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define 'superficial'.

    <p>At, near, or relatively close to the body surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'deep' mean?

    <p>Farther from the body surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The shoulders are _______ to the hips.

    <p>superior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The feet are _______ to the hips.

    <p>inferior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The navel is on the _______ surface of the trunk.

    <p>anterior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The kidneys are _______ to the small intestines.

    <p>posterior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The heart is _______ to the lungs.

    <p>medial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Moving _______ from the nose is the eyes.

    <p>laterally (lateral)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The elbow is _______ to the shoulder and wrist.

    <p>intermediate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The thigh is _______ to the foot.

    <p>proximal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Each foot is _______ to each knee.

    <p>distal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The scalp is _______ to the skull.

    <p>superficial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The brain is _____ compared to the skull which surrounds it.

    <p>deep</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the sagittal plane?

    <p>Runs longitudinally and divides the body into right and left portions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the midsagittal plane?

    <p>Runs along the midline and divides the body into equal left and right portions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the frontal (coronal) plane do?

    <p>Runs longitudinally and divides the body into posterior and anterior portions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the transverse plane?

    <p>Runs horizontally and divides the body into superior and inferior portions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is 'frontal' in anatomical terms?

    <p>Forehead</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'orbital/ocular' refer to?

    <p>Eye</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'oris' mean?

    <p>Mouth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by 'mentis'?

    <p>Chin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'cephalon' refer to?

    <p>Head</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is 'occipital' in anatomical terms?

    <p>Back of the skull</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'nasus' mean?

    <p>Nose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'cervicis' refer to?

    <p>Neck</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is 'acromion'?

    <p>Point of the shoulder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'thoracic' refer to?

    <p>Chest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by 'axilla'?

    <p>Armpit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'mamma' mean?

    <p>Breast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define 'brachium'.

    <p>Arm (shoulder to elbow)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is 'antecubitis'?

    <p>Front of the elbow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'olecranon' refer to?

    <p>Back of elbow (point of elbow)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is 'antebrachium'?

    <p>Forearm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'carpus' mean?

    <p>Wrist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is 'palm' in anatomical terminology?

    <p>Palm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'digits (phalanges)' refer to?

    <p>Fingers / toes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define 'dorsum'.

    <p>Back</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'lumbar' mean?

    <p>Loin (region from rib to lower spine)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is 'abdomen'?

    <p>Stomach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'umbilicus' refer to?

    <p>Navel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is 'gluteus'?

    <p>Buttocks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'sacrum' mean?

    <p>Region in-between hips</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is 'inguinal'?

    <p>Groin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define 'pelvis'.

    <p>Hip region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'pubis' refer to?

    <p>Genitals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is 'femoral'?

    <p>Thigh (hip to knee)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'patellar' mean?

    <p>Kneecap</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is 'crural'?

    <p>Leg (knee to ankle)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define 'popliteus'.

    <p>Back of knee</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'sural' mean?

    <p>Calf</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is 'calcaneus'?

    <p>Heel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'plantar' refer to?

    <p>Sole of the foot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Anatomical Position & Terminology

    • Anatomical position: Body is erect, arms at sides, palms forward, thumbs pointing away.
    • Superior: Refers to a position above or closer to the head.
    • Inferior: Indicates a position below or further from the head.
    • Anterior: Describes the front side of the body; synonymous with ventral.
    • Posterior: Refers to the back side of the body; synonymous with dorsal.
    • Medial: Pertains to a position towards the body's midline.
    • Lateral: Indicates a position away from the body's midline.
    • Intermediate: Refers to a location between two structures.
    • Proximal: Describes a position closer to an attached base, e.g., the shoulder to the elbow.
    • Distal: Indicates a position further from an attached base, e.g., the fingers relative to the shoulder.
    • Superficial: Refers to structures closer to the body surface.
    • Deep: Denotes structures further away from the body surface.

    Directional Terminology Examples

    • Shoulders are superior to hips.
    • Feet are inferior to hips.
    • Navel is anterior on the trunk.
    • Kidneys are posterior to the small intestines.
    • Heart is medial to the lungs.
    • Eyes move laterally from the nose.
    • Elbow is intermediate to shoulder and wrist.
    • Thigh is proximal to the foot; each foot is distal to each knee.
    • Scalp is superficial to the skull; brain is deep compared to surrounding skull.

    Planes of the Body

    • Sagittal plane: Divides body into right and left portions.
    • Midsagittal plane: Splits body into equal left and right parts along the midline.
    • Frontal (coronal) plane: Divides body into anterior and posterior portions.
    • Transverse plane: Divides body horizontally into superior and inferior portions.

    Anatomical Regions

    • Frontal: Refers to the forehead.
    • Orbital/Ocular: Pertains to the eye.
    • Oris: Refers to the mouth.
    • Mentis: Indicates the chin.
    • Cephalon: Represents the head.
    • Occipital: Refers to the back of the skull.
    • Nasus: Pertains to the nose.
    • Cervicis: Indicates the neck.
    • Acromion: Point of the shoulder.
    • Thoracic: Refers to the chest region.
    • Axilla: Pertains to the armpit area.
    • Mamma: Indicates the breast.
    • Brachium: Refers to the arm between shoulder and elbow.
    • Antecubitis: Front of the elbow.
    • Olecranon: Back of the elbow (point).
    • Antebrachium: Indicates the forearm.
    • Carpus: Refers to the wrist.
    • Digits (phalanges): Pertains to fingers or toes.
    • Dorsum: Refers to the back of the body.
    • Lumbar: Indicates lower back region between ribs and lower spine.
    • Abdomen: Refers to the stomach area.
    • Umbilicus: Indicates the navel.
    • Gluteus: Refers to the buttocks.
    • Sacrum: Area between the hips.
    • Inguinal: Pertains to the groin region.
    • Pelvis: Refers to the hip region.
    • Pubis: Indicates the genital area.
    • Femoral: Pertains to the thigh, from hip to knee.
    • Patellar: Refers to the kneecap.
    • Crural: Indicates the leg, from knee to ankle.
    • Popliteus: Refers to the back of the knee.
    • Sural: Indicates the calf region.
    • Calcaneus: Refers to the heel.
    • Plantar: Relates to the bottom of the foot.

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