13 Questions
At what time did the user state their friend would come from the university?
9:00
What did the user say they would give to their friend?
Money
What was the user's response after 'إن شاء الله'?
حبيبتي
Which item was mentioned alongside emojis in the message?
A phone number
What time was the message 'تمام' sent?
2:52 AM
Since when has the country been conducting regular elections every 4 years?
2003
What is a major issue with the elections carried out in May 2018?
They were based on a constitution aimed at maintaining the current sectarian system
What became common practice within the Iraqi government post the American invasion?
Bribery and patronage based on party, family, or community
Why is it difficult to undertake any project in Iraq post the American invasion?
Every project requires official approval purchased through bribes
How were judges appointed in the judicial system after the invasion?
According to their sectarian and ethnic affiliations and support for the occupying forces
What influences the verdicts issued by many judges and leaders of judicial bodies post the invasion?
Bribes and the interests of the executive authority and militias
How is the anti-terrorism law (Law No. 13 of 2005) often misused?
To issue unfair sentences against many innocent people
What aspect of the judicial reforms was particularly highlighted as problematic post-invasion?
Structural changes leading to politicization and ineffectiveness
Study Notes
Lack of Democracy
- Despite regular elections every 4 years since 2003, they have been undemocratic and based on a constitution that maintains the current sectarian system, despite the majority of the population demanding change.
Corruption of Power
- Since the US invasion, corruption has penetrated most government institutions in Iraq.
- Bribery and nepotism are common practices in the Iraqi government, with officials requiring bribes to grant approvals for projects, and jobs are only attainable through bribery.
- The government is plagued by favoritism based on party, family, or community affiliations.
Absence of Rule of Law
- After the invasion, structural changes were made to the judicial system, leading to politicization and ineffectiveness.
- Special courts were established, and new judges were appointed based on their sectarian and ethnic affiliations and their support for the occupation forces.
- Many judges and officials have been involved in bribery and are subject to the whims of the executive authority and militias, issuing unfair judgments accordingly.
- Courts still use the 2005 Anti-Terrorism Law No. 13 to issue unjust verdicts, including the death penalty, to satisfy government officials and militia leaders.
This quiz assesses your understanding of Iraq's political landscape, including its elections and governance, as well as the prevalence of corruption in the country's institutions.
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