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Chap 8

Created by RapturousButtercup

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Questions and Answers

In what year did the dispute over the Shatt-al-Arab Waterway begin?

1934

What is the primary source of Iraq's foreign exchange?

Oil

What was the historical significance of 638 C.E. in the context of the Iran/Iraq conflict?

The Islamic Arab military triumph over the Sassanian Empire

What is the name of the Waterway that links/separates Iran and Iraq?

<p>Shatt-al-Arab Waterway</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the Shatt-al-Arab Waterway to Iraq?

<p>It is Iraq's only viable access to the Persian/Arab Gulf</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the underlying reason for Iran's desire to control the Shatt-al-Arab Waterway?

<p>To gain hegemony in the Persian Gulf</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what year was martial law proclaimed in Poland?

<p>1981</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the name of the large, well-organized trade union that emerged in Poland in 1981?

<p>Solidarity</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the reason for the dissolution of Poland's Catholic Church in 1953?

<p>As a result of Communist regime's hostility towards religion</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the 1981 upheaval in Poland?

<p>The fall of Poland's Communist regime and the termination of the Poland/Russia interstate protracted conflict</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what year was religious instruction ceased in Polish schools?

<p>1961</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary technique used in the Poland/Russia interstate protracted conflict?

<p>Military Aggression</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about the peace treaties between Finland and Russia-USSR?

<p>They did not achieve lasting peace and conflict resolution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the title of the treaty signed in April 1948 between Finland and the USSR?

<p>Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual Assistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was unique about the commitment of the alliance between Finland and the USSR?

<p>It required the approval of both signatories.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the Finland/Russia-USSR conflict and relationship?

<p>It involved a de facto alliance between the principal adversaries.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When was the Paris Peace Treaty signed?

<p>1947</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a difference between the Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual Assistance and other FCMA treaties?

<p>The USSR determined when the commitments of the alliance took effect.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Poland's Catholic Church was dissolved in 1961.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The creation of Solidarity led to the fall of Poland's Communist regime.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Poland/Russia interstate protracted conflict was resolved through verbal hostility.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Martial law was proclaimed in Poland in 1976.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The 1981 upheaval in Poland led to the intensification of the Poland/Russia interstate protracted conflict.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Warsaw Pact forces concentrated on Poland's borders in response to the growth of Solidarity.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Shatt-al-Arab Waterway is the only viable access to the Mediterranean Sea for Iraq.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Iran/Iraq conflict began in 1296 C.E.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Iraq gained formal statehood in 1920.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Shatt-al-Arab Waterway links/separates Iran and Saudi Arabia.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The dispute over the Shatt-al-Arab Waterway began in the sixteenth century.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Iran's national security is dependent on its access to the Mediterranean Sea.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual Assistance between Finland and the USSR was signed in April 1947.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The peace treaties between Finland and Russia-USSR led to lasting peace and conflict resolution.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Finland/Russia-USSR conflict and relationship was characterized by a formal alliance.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Paris Peace Treaty was signed in 1948.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The USSR had sole authority to activate FCMA commitments for all signatories.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual Assistance was only between Finland and the USSR.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was unique about the Finland/Russia-USSR peace treaties, despite achieving temporary peace?

<p>lasting peace and conflict resolution were not achieved by any of their peace agreements</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the title of the treaty signed in April 1948 between Finland and the USSR?

<p>Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual Assistance (FCMA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the key difference between the FCMA treaty between Finland and the USSR and other FCMA treaties?

<p>The activation of all FCMA commitments by Finland and the USSR required the approval of both signatories</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant outcome of the 1947 Paris Peace Treaty between Finland and Russia-USSR?

<p>It did not constitute conflict resolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the nature of the alliance between Finland and the USSR, established in 1948?

<p>A de facto alliance</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary technique used in the management of the Finland/Russia-USSR conflict?

<p>Peace treaties</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the waterway that has been a source of territorial dispute between Iran and Iraq since the 16th century?

<p>Shatt-al-Arab Waterway</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the historical significance of 638 C.E. in the context of the Iran/Iraq conflict?

<p>It marks the Islamic Arab military triumph over the Sassanian (Neo-Persian) Empire</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three basic causes of the Iran/Iraq conflict?

<p>Territory, identity-religious and ethnic, and ideology</p> Signup and view all the answers

When did Iraq gain formal statehood?

<p>1932</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the Shatt-al-Arab Waterway to Iran?

<p>It is key to Iran's strategy for achieving hegemony in the Persian Gulf</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what year did the dispute over the Shatt-al-Arab Waterway begin?

<p>1934</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the response of the Polish government to the growth of Solidarity in 1981?

<p>The proclamation of martial law in Poland in December 1981.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the 1981 upheaval in Poland?

<p>The fall of Poland's Communist regime.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of Solidarity in Poland's history?

<p>It was a large, well-organized trade union that became the focus of strident opposition to Poland's Communist regime and its dominating patron, the Soviet Union.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of frequent detentions of Poles critical of the Communist regime on Poland-Russia relations?

<p>It reinforced the animosity between Poland and Russia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the year 1961 in Poland's history?

<p>Religious instruction was ceased in Polish schools.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the role of verbal hostility in the Poland-Russia interstate protracted conflict?

<p>It was a secondary conflict-sustaining technique.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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