IPv4 to IPv6 Transition
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Questions and Answers

Which protocol was created by the IETF to help network administrators migrate their networks to IPv6?

  • IPv4
  • NAT
  • IPv6
  • Dual stack (correct)

    • What is the preferred format for writing an IPv6 address?

  • x.x.x.x.x.x.x
  • x.x.x.x.x.x.x.x
  • x.x.x.x.x.x.x.x
  • x:x:x:x:x:x:x:x (correct)

    • What is the theoretical maximum number of addresses in IPv4?

  • 4.3 trillion
  • 4.3 million
  • 4.3 billion (correct)
  • 4.3 quadrillion

    • Which technique can be used to reduce the notation of an IPv6 address by replacing a string of zeros?

    <p>Double colon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three types of IPv6 addresses?

    <p>Unicast, multicast, anycast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the length of an IPv6 address?

    <p>128 bits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What has helped to slow the depletion of IPv4 address space?

    <p>NAT</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many hexadecimal values are there in an IPv6 address?

    <p>32</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of IPv6 address is globally unique and routable on the IPv6 internet?

    <p>IPv6 global unicast address</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two types of unicast addresses typically associated with an IPv6 address?

    <p>GUA and LLA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the uses of IPv6 unique local addresses?

    <p>Used for local addressing within a site or between a limited number of sites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three parts of an IPv6 global unicast address (GUA)?

    <p>Global routing prefix, subnet ID, and interface ID</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can an IPv6 link-local address (LLA) be obtained?

    <p>Both statically and dynamically</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What command is used to configure an IPv6 GUA on an interface in Cisco IOS?

    <p>ipv6 address ipv6-address/prefix-length</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three methods for obtaining IPv6 addresses through ICMPv6 RA messages?

    <p>SLAAC, SLAAC with stateless DHCPv6 server, and stateful DHCPv6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process is used to create the interface ID for an IPv6 address using the EUI-64 process?

    <p>Inserting 16 bits in the middle of the MAC address</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which field in the IPv6 GUA is used to create subnets?

    <p>Subnet ID</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of a solicited-node multicast address?

    <p>It maps to a special Ethernet multicast address</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of a 128-bit address in IPv6?

    <p>It supports more than enough subnets and hosts per subnet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the global routing prefix is a /48 and the interface ID is 64 bits, how many subnets can be created?

    <p>65,536 subnets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many host IPv6 addresses per subnet does a 64-bit interface ID support?

    <p>18 quintillion host addresses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the task of the network administrator become when there are over 65,536 subnets to choose from?

    <p>Designing a logical scheme to address the network</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Is address conservation a concern when using IPv6?

    <p>No, it is not a concern</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Similar to configuring IPv4, what can be configured to be on a different IPv6 subnet?

    <p>Router interfaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Global Routing Prefix in an IPv6 address?

    <p>To route packets across networks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    IPv6 Migration

    • The IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force) created a protocol to help network administrators migrate their networks to IPv6.

    IPv6 Address Format

    • The preferred format for writing an IPv6 address is in hexadecimal notation, separated by colons.
    • An IPv6 address has a length of 128 bits, represented as 8 groups of 4 hexadecimal digits, separated by colons.

    IPv4 Address Space

    • The theoretical maximum number of addresses in IPv4 is approximately 4.3 billion.

    IPv6 Address Notation

    • The technique used to reduce the notation of an IPv6 address by replacing a string of zeros is called zero compression.
    • Zero compression can be used to remove leading zeros in each group and to replace consecutive sections of zeros with '::'.

    IPv6 Address Types

    • There are three types of IPv6 addresses: Unicast, Anycast, and Multicast.
    • The three types of IPv6 addresses are:
      • Unicast addresses, which identify a single interface.
      • Anycast addresses, which identify multiple interfaces.
      • Multicast addresses, which identify a group of interfaces.

    Unicast Addresses

    • The two types of unicast addresses typically associated with an IPv6 address are Global Unicast Addresses (GUA) and Link-Local Addresses (LLA).
    • Global Unicast Addresses (GUA) are globally unique and routable on the IPv6 internet.
    • Link-Local Addresses (LLA) are not globally unique and are used for communication between devices on the same link.

    IPv6 Unique Local Addresses

    • IPv6 unique local addresses are used for local communication and are not routable on the IPv6 internet.

    IPv6 Global Unicast Address (GUA)

    • A GUA consists of three parts: the Global Routing Prefix, the Subnet ID, and the Interface ID.
    • The Global Routing Prefix is used to create subnets.

    Obtaining IPv6 Addresses

    • IPv6 link-local addresses (LLA) can be obtained automatically through a router advertisement or manually through a configuration file.
    • The command used to configure an IPv6 GUA on an interface in Cisco IOS is 'ipv6 address'.
    • There are three methods for obtaining IPv6 addresses through ICMPv6 RA messages:
      • Stateless Address Autoconfiguration (SLAAC)
      • Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for IPv6 (DHCPv6)
      • Manual configuration

    EUI-64 Process

    • The EUI-64 process is used to create the interface ID for an IPv6 address, which is 64 bits in length.
    • The EUI-64 process involves inserting 'FF:FE' in the middle of a 48-bit MAC address.

    Subnetting

    • If the global routing prefix is a /48 and the interface ID is 64 bits, 65,536 subnets can be created.
    • A 64-bit interface ID supports 18,446,744,073,709,551,616 host IPv6 addresses per subnet.
    • With over 65,536 subnets to choose from, the task of the network administrator becomes more complex.

    Address Conservation

    • Address conservation is not a concern when using IPv6, unlike in IPv4.

    Configuring IPv6

    • Similar to configuring IPv4, an IPv6 subnet can be configured to be on a different subnet for each interface on a router.
    • The Global Routing Prefix in an IPv6 address is used to create subnets and identify the organization's IPv6 network.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on IPv4 issues and the transition to IPv6 in this quiz. Learn about the limitations of IPv4 address space, the role of private addresses and NAT, and the challenges posed by the IoT. Explore the coexistence of IPv4 and IPv6 and the steps needed for a successful transition.

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