IP Systems and Network Models Quiz

IP-Related System

• Syslog (UDP 514) is a likely system for the table
• The table shows severity levels (0-7) for IP-related issues
• Level 0 indicates a system is unusable
• Level 1 requires immediate action
• Level 2 represents critical conditions
• Level 3 shows error conditions
• Level 4 displays warning conditions
• Level 5 indicates normal but significant conditions
• Level 6 is for informational messages only
• Level 7 is for debugging messages only

TCP Header Sequence Number

• The sequence number in a TCP header is 32 bits

DoD/Network Layer Matching

• Match the following services with their corresponding DoD/Network Layer
• Internet Layer
• Process/Application Layer
• Network Access Layer
• Host-to-Host Layer

Preceding Network

• The network that preceded the internet was ARPAnet

OSI 7-Layer and DoD Layers

• The DoD Process/Application layer encompasses the OSI Application, Presentation, and Session layers

DoD/Network Model Layers

• Process/Application Layer
• Host-to-Host Layer
• Internet Layer
• Network Access Layer

Network Resource Tracker

• LDAP is a system/protocol that tracks network resources (devices and users)
• The secure version uses port 636

TCP/IP Authorization Date

• TCP/IP was authorized as the official standard for ARPAnet in the early 1980s, replacing NCP

UDP Header Fields

• The UDP header includes source port, destination port, length, and checksum

DHCP Client Four-Step Process

• DHCP Client-Server Interaction (DORA)
  • 1: DHCP Client broadcasts a DHCP Discover message
  • 2: DHCP server, receiving the DHCP Discover message, sends a unicast DHCP Offer message
  • 3: Client broadcasts a DHCP request message
  • 4: Server issues a unicast DHCP Acknowledgment message to the client

DNS Hierarchy

• DNS namespace (a hierarchy) logically locates systems using domain identifiers

Network Access Layer

• The network access layer of the DoD model manages hardware addressing and physical data transmission

Email Protocol

• Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is used for spooled email delivery

TCP Header Data Field

• The length of a data field in a TCP header can vary

DHCP Protocol Packet Type and Ports

• DHCP uses UDP ports 67 and 68

APIPA Range

• The IP address range for APIPA is 169.254.0.1-169.254.255.254

Cryptographic Protocols

• TLS, SSL are cryptographic protocols for secure data transfer

DHCP Discover Message

• The broadcast message FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF

Network Management System (NMS) in SNMP

• Polling via MIB (Management Information Base)

Operating System with TCP/IP Support

• BSD Unix developed at the University of California, Berkeley and incorporated TCP/IP

Secure Communications Session/Port

• SSH (Secure Shell) uses port 22 for secure communications

TCP/IP Suite Creator

• The Department of Defense (DoD) created TCP/IP to maintain communications in case of catastrophic warfare events

Network Address Translation (NAT)

• Static, Dynamic, Overloading are types of NAT

IPv4 Subnetting

• Subnetting methods are used to allocate IP addresses to companies

Default Gateway, Domain Name and Others

• A DHCP server can provide default gateway, domain name, network time synchronization, and subnet mask

Subnet Mask Length

• A subnet mask is 32 bits long

Multicast Address Class

• Class D is used for multicast addresses

ISP Address Allocation

• ISPs use Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) to allocate addresses

Variable-Length Subnet Masking

• CIDR is the method for variable-length subnet masking

Network/Host Bits for 112.18.13.32/20

• 20 bits for the network portion and 12 bits for the host portion of an IPv4 address

Subnet Mask and CIDR Notation for 255.255.255.248

• /29 corresponds to 255.255.255.248

Usable Addresses for 255.255.255.0

• 254 host addresses

Host Portion Range Reservation

• The highest address in the host portion is reserved for broadcast purposes

CIDR Notation and Reason for Limitations of /31 or /32

• /31 and /32 subnet masks are not utilized for host assignments (invalid) because they contain too few host bits

Number of Subnets for 11000000 Binary Mask

• 2^2 = 4 subnets

Number of Subnets for /27 Subnet Mask

• 8 subnets are possible with a /27 subnet mask

Network-Testing ICMP Protocol

• Ping uses ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) to test connectivity

Technique for Depleting IP Address Space

• Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) maintains a smaller number of public IP addresses

Network Address Translation (NAT) Types

• Overloading
• Recursive
• Static are examples

External vs Internal Addresses

• NAT translates internal network addresses to external addresses

NAT Overloading Alternate Name

• Port Address Translation

OSI Model Layer for Addressing End Systems and Data Routing

• The network layer of the OSI model handles addressing and routing of datagrams

OSI Layer Device Location

• Routers work at the network layer
• Switches operate at the data link layer
• Hubs operate at the physical layer

OSI Model Layer for Dialogue Control

• The Transport layer of the OSI model handles dialogue control

Network Topology with Redundant Paths

• The mesh topology offer the most redundant paths

Topology Change for Network Upgrade

• The change to a star topology is required when upgrading from coax-based ethernet to gigabit ethernet using UTP cable

Network Topology Diagram

• A mesh topology is shown in the diagram

Workstation Connection Loss

• In a star topology, only the workstation with the broken connection is affected

Difference between LAN and WAN

• WANs cover larger geographical areas and use both public and private data transport while LANs cover a smaller area.

Designing Network Topology Factors

• Cost, fault-tolerance requirements, ease of maintenance, and ease of installation are considerations

OSI Model Layer for IP

• The network layer of the OSI model contains the IP protocol

Host 1 to Host 2 Communication

• When Host 1 sends a SYN packet to Host 2, Host 2 responds with SYN/ACK

Layer of Responsibility for Application-Level Issues

• The application layer is responsible for time-outs related to application issues (like web page load times for example).

Computer Communication Address on Ethernet Switched Networks

• MAC address

1000Mbps Ethernet and Cable Compatibility

• 1000BaseTX can run full duplex Ethernet

Collision Domain Transmitters

• All devices on a collision domain listen when a single device transmits.

Ethernet Cable Transmission Distance.

• The maximum transmission distance for Cat 5 and 6 cables is 100 meters.

Wire Pairs used for Half Duplex

• 2 wire pairs

Wire Pairs used in 1000BaseT

• 4 wire pairs

Decimal Conversion of Binary Number 10101010

• 170 represents 10101010 in decimal

Binary Conversion of Decimal Number 17

• 10001 translates from 17 in decimal to binary format.

Ethernet Over UTP Standard

• The standard for ethernet over UTP cable is IEEE 802.3

Number of bits in a MAC Address

• 48 bits

Can Ethernet be transmitted through power lines

• True

Ethernet and HDMI Transmission

• False - Ethernet cannot be transmitted over HDMI

Ethernet Frame Fields

• The preamble, source MAC address, and 4-byte frame delimiter are shown

Wi-Fi Alliance, IEEE and FCC Purpose

• The Wi-Fi Alliance promotes and tests for, operational standards, and the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) regulates radio frequencies.

IEEE 802.11g Speed range

• 54Mbps - 2.4 GHz

IEEE Protocol with Multiple Antenna Support

• IEEE 802.11n

2.4GHz Network Channel Avoidance

• 1, 6, 11

Wireless Communication Type

• Ad Hoc Mode

Devices Causing 2.4GHz Interference

• Microwave ovens and Bluetooth devices

Feature that Monitors 5GHz Range

• Dynamic Frequency Selection

Point-to-Multipoint Antenna Example

• Yagi antenna

Antenna Type From Image

• Yagi

Infrastructure Mode and Access Points

• Basic Service Set or (BSS)

CAPWAP and Rogue Access Points

• True, CAPWAP is a mitigation technique for rogue access points
• Bridge connects networks

Network Interface Card (NIC)

• NIC is used to connect a computer to a network

IP Command output

• speed command can set the speed

Firewall operation layer

• Firewalls operate at layer 4 of the OSI model

Security Device in Diagram

• Firewall
• Firewall is a security device situated between an internal network and an outside network

Firewall Network Zone Definitions

• The three zones are external, internal, dmz

Host-Based IDS

• True, host-based IDS can monitor signs of intrusions on a network

Network Configuration Device

• Wireless LAN controller

Load Balancing Technique for High Traffic

• Load balancer

Wired Device Contention Method

• Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD)

Server Assignment of IP Addresses

• DHCP

IP Exclusions or Exclusion Ranges for DHCP

• Used to set aside addresses from pools

DHCP Server Troubleshooting

• Check lease time

Layer-2 Networking Device with Routing Capabilities

• A multi-layer switch

Protocol to Find IP Address of Domain

• A record

Network Device Synchronization

• NTP (Network Time Protocol)

Server Function Forwarding Traffic

• Proxy server