Questions and Answers
Describe the Class A range.
The first byte is assigned to the network address and the remaining bytes to the host address. This allows for 2^24 or 16,777,216 possible host addresses. Valid host addresses range from xxx.0.0.1 to xxx.255.255.254.
Describe the Class B range.
The first two bytes are assigned to network addressing and the last bytes to host addressing. The network addressing range can be from 128 to 191, allowing for (2^16) - 2 possible host addresses.
Describe the Class C range.
The first three bytes are the network addresses, allowing for 2^21 or 2,097,152 possible Class C networks. Each address has 254 possible host addresses.
Describe the private IP ranges.
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Describe the APIPA range.
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State why we need IPv6.
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Describe link-local addressing.
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Describe unique local addresses.
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Describe IPv6 addressing.
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What is the valid range used for a Class C private IP address?
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Name some of the benefits of IPv6 over IPv4.
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What is the term for the auto-configuration technology responsible for addresses that start with 169.254?
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What defines a unicast address?
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What defines a multicast address?
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What is the name for a 48-bit numerical address assigned to a network interface?
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What gives IPv6 the ability to reference more addresses than IPv4?
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What is the private address range for Class B networks?
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What is the Class C range of values for the first octet in decimal and binary?
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What is the 127.0.0.1 address used for?
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Which of the following addresses is not allowed on the Internet?
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A host automatically configured with an address from which of the following ranges indicates an inability to contact a DHCP server?
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Which statement regarding private IP addresses is most accurate?
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Which of the following is a valid Class A address?
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Which of the following is a valid Class B address?
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Which of the following describes a broadcast address?
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Which of the following is a Layer 2 broadcast?
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In a Class C IP address, how long is the network address?
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Which of the following is true when describing a unicast address?
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A host is rebooted and you view the IP address that it was assigned. The address is 169.123.13.34. Which of the following happened?
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An IPv4 address uses 32 bits. How many bits is an IPv6 address?
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Which of the following is true when describing a multicast address?
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Which of the following is true when describing an anycast address?
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You want to ping the loopback address of your local host. Which two addresses could you type?
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What two statements about IPv6 addresses are true?
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What two statements about IPv4 and IPv6 addresses are true?
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Which of the following is a Class C network address?
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Which of the following are private IP addresses? (Choose two.)
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Which of the following is a valid IP address that can be used on the Internet?
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Which of the following is an invalid IP address for a host?
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Network address of all 0s.
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Network address of all 1s.
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Network 127.0.0.1.
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Host address of all 0s.
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Host address of all 1s.
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Entire IP address set to all 0s.
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Entire IP address set to all 1s (same as 255.255.255.255).
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Study Notes
Class A IP Addressing
- Class A assigns the first byte to the network address, allowing for 128 subnets (0-127).
- Remaining three bytes are for host addresses, permitting 16,777,216 possible hosts (2^24).
- Valid host addresses range from xxx.0.0.1 to xxx.255.255.254.
Class B IP Addressing
- Class B uses the first two bytes for network addressing and the last for host addressing.
- The first byte ranges from 128 to 191, with specific bit configurations (first bit = 1, second bit = 0).
- Up to 16,382 possible host addresses available after reserving combinations for all 0s and all 1s.
- Valid addresses range from xxx.xxx.0.1 to xxx.xxx.255.254.
Class C IP Addressing
- Class C allocates the first three bytes for network addresses, allowing for 2,097,152 networks (2^21).
- Last byte contains host addresses, yielding 254 usable hosts (256 total minus reserved).
- Valid hosts are between 192.168.100.1 and 192.168.100.254.
Private IP Ranges
- Private Class A: 10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255
- Private Class B: 172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255
- Private Class C: 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255
Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA)
- APIPA range: 169.254.0.1 - 169.254.255.254.
- Clients configure this address with subnet mask 255.255.0.0 when a DHCP server can't be contacted.
Need for IPv6
- IPv4 is limited to about 4.3 billion theoretical addresses; actual available addresses are around 250 million.
- IPv6 supports 3.4 x 10^38 addresses and reduces packet overhead to 64 bits for headers.
Link-Local Addresses
- IPv4 uses the range 169.254.0.1 - 169.254.255.255 for link-local addresses.
- IPv6 uses the fe80::/64 range, assigned randomly when no static address is provided.
Unique Local Addresses
- Intended for non-routing purposes but remain nearly globally unique, preventing address conflicts.
- They facilitate communication across a site and can be routed within an organization.
IPv6 Addressing
- An IPv6 address is 128 bits long, formatted as eight groups of hexadecimal quartets.
- Zeros in a quartet can be abbreviated to a single zero for simplification.
Valid Class C Private IP Address Range
- Range for Class C private addresses is 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255.
Benefits of IPv6 over IPv4
- Increased address availability, built-in IPSec support, enhanced mobility, and reduced header size.
- Introduces multicasts instead of broadcasts, as well as unicast and anycast communication types.
Address Types
- Unicast Address: Deliver packets to a single interface, allowing for load balancing across multiple interfaces.
- Multicast Address: Deliver packets to multiple identified interfaces, recognized by starting with FF in IPv6.
- Anycast Address: Identifies multiple interfaces, with packets delivered to a single, nearest address.
Host and Network Address Interpretations
- All 0s network address signifies "this network/segment."
- All 1s network address means "all networks."
- Loopback address: 127.0.0.1 is used for testing local connectivity.
- Host address of all 0s refers to the network address, while all 1s indicates "all hosts" on a network.
Invalid and Valid IPs
- Valid Class A Address: 126.10.0.1
- Invalid Address for Internet Use: 172.31.12.251
- Public IP Address: 168.16.1.1
Address Configuration Outcomes
- An address of 169.123.13.34 indicates receipt of an APIPA address due to a DHCP failure.
- Any network configuration might utilize the address of all 0s as a default route or to denote "any network."
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Description
Test your knowledge on Class A IP addressing with these flashcards. Learn how the first byte determines the network address and the implications for subnets and hosts. Perfect for anyone studying networking concepts.