Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of a DNS server on an IP network?
What is the primary function of a DNS server on an IP network?
How would you determine the IP network address of a machine given its IPv4 address and subnet mask?
How would you determine the IP network address of a machine given its IPv4 address and subnet mask?
In CIDR notation, what is the equivalent CIDR value for the subnet mask 255.255.240.0?
In CIDR notation, what is the equivalent CIDR value for the subnet mask 255.255.240.0?
If the Network layer settings suggest that the source and destination computers are on different networks, what MAC address does the Data Link use as the source and destination of the transmission?
If the Network layer settings suggest that the source and destination computers are on different networks, what MAC address does the Data Link use as the source and destination of the transmission?
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Why does each networked computer require an IP address?
Why does each networked computer require an IP address?
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What constitutes an IPv4 address and how is it normally represented?
What constitutes an IPv4 address and how is it normally represented?
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What is the main role of a DHCP server?
What is the main role of a DHCP server?
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What does 'lease time' refer to in the context of DHCP servers?
What does 'lease time' refer to in the context of DHCP servers?
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What are the three mandatory IP settings a machine needs to access remote web sites?
What are the three mandatory IP settings a machine needs to access remote web sites?
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What are the first IP addresses of the three Private IP address ranges?
What are the first IP addresses of the three Private IP address ranges?
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How do two machines on a Private network use the one public address to communicate with Internet hosts?
How do two machines on a Private network use the one public address to communicate with Internet hosts?
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What is the role of a Network router?
What is the role of a Network router?
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What does the interface entry in the routing table contain?
What does the interface entry in the routing table contain?
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What does the Next Hop entry in the routing table contain?
What does the Next Hop entry in the routing table contain?
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Why are routing protocols required?
Why are routing protocols required?
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Which fields are present in an IP header?
Which fields are present in an IP header?
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How many binary bits constitute an IPv6 address?
How many binary bits constitute an IPv6 address?
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If your local DNS server cannot resolve an IP address query locally, how does it proceed to fulfill the request?
If your local DNS server cannot resolve an IP address query locally, how does it proceed to fulfill the request?
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How many IP addresses are there in Federation Universities IP address range?
How many IP addresses are there in Federation Universities IP address range?
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Study Notes
DNS and IP Addresses
- The primary function of a DNS server is to resolve domain names to IP addresses.
- An IP network address can be determined by performing a logical AND operation on the IPv4 address and subnet mask.
CIDR Notation
- The equivalent CIDR value for the subnet mask 255.255.240.0 is /20.
Data Link Layer
- When the Network layer settings indicate that the source and destination computers are on different networks, the Data Link layer uses the MAC address of the default gateway as the destination MAC address and the MAC address of the source computer as the source MAC address.
IP Addresses
- Each networked computer requires an IP address to communicate with other devices on a network.
- An IPv4 address is a 32-bit address represented in dotted decimal notation, consisting of four numbers separated by dots (e.g., 192.0.2.1).
- The three mandatory IP settings required to access remote web sites are:
- IP address
- Subnet mask
- Default gateway
Private IP Addresses
- The first IP addresses of the three Private IP address ranges are:
- 10.0.0.0 (RFC 1918)
- 172.16.0.0 (RFC 1918)
- 192.168.0.0 (RFC 1918)
- Machines on a Private network use NAT (Network Address Translation) to communicate with Internet hosts, where one public address is used to represent multiple private addresses.
Routers
- The role of a Network router is to forward packets between networks.
- The interface entry in the routing table contains the interface through which the packet will be forwarded.
- The Next Hop entry in the routing table contains the IP address of the next router to which the packet will be forwarded.
Routing Protocols
- Routing protocols are required to dynamically update routing tables and ensure efficient routing of packets.
IP Header
- The IP header contains fields such as:
- Version
- Header length
- Service type
- Total length
- Identification
- Flags
- Fragment offset
- Time to live
- Protocol
- Header checksum
- Source IP address
- Destination IP address
IPv6
- An IPv6 address is 128 bits long, represented in hexadecimal notation, and separated by colons (e.g., 2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334).
DNS Resolution
- If a local DNS server cannot resolve an IP address query locally, it sends the request to a recursive DNS server or a DNS forwarder to fulfill the request.
IP Address Ranges
- The Federation Universities IP address range is not specified, but it is likely a custom range assigned to the organization.
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Description
Test your knowledge about IP addresses and IPv4 with this quiz. Explore concepts such as the necessity of IP addresses for networked computers, the structure and representation of IPv4 addresses, and the significance of octets in networking.
