Investment Companies Overview
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Questions and Answers

What distinguishes hedge funds from other investment options?

  • They primarily invest in U.S. public companies.
  • They often operate as private investment pools. (correct)
  • They exclusively focus on real estate investments.
  • They are required to follow SEC regulations.

Which investment policy is associated with securities from developing nations?

  • Global Funds
  • Bond Funds
  • Equity Sector Funds
  • Emerging Markets Funds (correct)

What is a characteristic of Money Market Mutual Funds?

  • They deal with instruments like commercial paper and repurchase agreements. (correct)
  • They invest in long-term corporate bonds.
  • They are focused on emerging market equities.
  • They primarily invest in stocks.

Which type of mutual fund includes stocks concentrated in a particular industry?

<p>Equity Sector Funds (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is true about International Funds?

<p>They focus on worldwide securities excluding the U.S. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a Balanced Fund?

<p>Holds both equities and fixed-income securities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines a Life Cycle Fund with a Targeted Maturity strategy?

<p>Becomes more conservative as the investor ages (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do Index Funds typically manage their investments?

<p>By buying shares in proportion to a security's representation in an index (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary feature of Asset Allocation/Flexible Funds?

<p>Proportions shift according to market forecasts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a Fund of Funds?

<p>A type of fund that primarily invests in other mutual funds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does net asset value (NAV) represent in investment companies?

<p>Assets minus liabilities per share (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which function is NOT provided by investment companies?

<p>Market speculation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes a closed-end fund?

<p>Shares are traded at fluctuating prices (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary feature of unit investment trusts?

<p>The fund's portfolio is fixed for its lifetime (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of investment fund combines assets from multiple investors for larger accounts?

<p>Commingled funds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is typically charged as a fee in managed investment companies?

<p>Flat annual management fees (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a real estate investment trust (REIT) from other funds?

<p>It primarily invests in real estate and related loans (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which option describes an open-end fund?

<p>Shares are issued and redeemed at NAV (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by 'Front-end Load' in mutual funds?

<p>A commission paid when purchasing shares (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do high expense ratios in mutual funds typically indicate?

<p>Poorer performance relative to lower-cost funds (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes '12b-1 charges'?

<p>Expenses related to marketing and distribution (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the effective load different from the stated load?

<p>Effective load includes additional expenses not mentioned in stated load (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'soft dollars' refer to in the context of mutual funds?

<p>Research services provided without direct charges (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What calculation is used to determine the rate of return for a mutual fund?

<p>NAV1 - NAV0 + Income + Capital gains distribution, divided by NAV0 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the load in mutual funds?

<p>To offset marketing expenses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are operating expenses in mutual funds?

<p>Costs incurred by the fund in operating the portfolio (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a requirement for a mutual fund to avoid being taxed?

<p>It must be diversified and distribute income. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the turnover rate of a mutual fund calculated?

<p>Annual total asset value bought or sold divided by average total asset value. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes the taxation of mutual fund income for investors?

<p>Investors are taxed on capital gains and dividend distributions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes exchange-traded funds (ETFs)?

<p>Offshoots of mutual funds that allow trading of entire portfolios like stocks. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does high turnover have on a mutual fund's operational costs?

<p>It increases commission costs charged against NAV. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the evidence suggest about the performance of mutual funds compared to the broader market?

<p>Average mutual fund performance is lower than the broad market performance. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common misconception about investor taxation related to mutual funds?

<p>Only capital gains distributions are taxable for investors. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors affects an investor's tax liability in mutual funds?

<p>The turnover rate of the fund. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of investment companies in the financial market?

<p>Investing the pooled funds of individual investors in securities and assets (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic primarily defines an open-end fund?

<p>Shares can be redeemed at their net asset value at any time (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes managed investment companies from unit investment trusts?

<p>The portfolios in managed investment companies are actively managed (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What best describes the nature of commingled funds?

<p>They are partnerships pooling funds for trusts or larger retirement accounts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference between closed-end funds and open-end funds?

<p>Closed-end funds may trade at market prices that differ from their net asset value (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which function of investment companies contributes to lower costs for investors?

<p>Professional management expertise (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of real estate investment trusts (REITs), what is true?

<p>REITs invest in real estate and real estate loans (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is net asset value (NAV) calculated as?

<p>Total assets minus total liabilities of the fund (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes hedge funds?

<p>They are private investment pools. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes Global Funds from International Funds?

<p>Global Funds include securities from the U.S.A. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which investment policy is primarily focused on fixed-income securities?

<p>Bond Funds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of Emerging Markets Funds?

<p>They focus on securities from developing nations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of mutual fund specializes in stocks concentrated in a specific sector?

<p>Equity Sector Funds (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of Money Market Mutual Funds?

<p>They primarily invest in commercial paper and repurchase agreements. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about International Regional Funds is correct?

<p>They focus on securities from particular regions outside the U.S. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic correctly identifies Bond Funds?

<p>They specialize in fixed-income instruments. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a closed-end fund from an open-end fund?

<p>Closed-end funds trade shares on an exchange like a stock. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about hedge funds is inaccurate?

<p>They are accessible to retail investors. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is not a condition for a mutual fund to avoid taxation?

<p>Maintaining a high turnover rate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the turnover rate of a mutual fund determined?

<p>Total asset value bought or sold divided by average total asset value (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What implication does high turnover have for a mutual fund?

<p>Higher operational costs charged against NAV (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of mutual funds directly impacts investor's tax liability?

<p>Capital gain distributions and dividend distributions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way do exchange-traded funds (ETFs) differ from traditional mutual funds?

<p>They can be traded like individual stocks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What feature differentiates a Balanced Fund from other types of mutual funds?

<p>Holds both equities and fixed-income securities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true regarding Targeted Maturity Funds in a Life Cycle Fund?

<p>They become more conservative as the investor ages (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary strategy employed by Index Funds?

<p>Match performance of a broad market index (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of mutual fund primarily invests in other mutual funds?

<p>Fund of Funds (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic defines Asset Allocation/Flexible Funds?

<p>Proportions vary according to market forecasts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the investment strategy of a Life Cycle Fund differ from that of a Balanced Fund?

<p>Life Cycle Funds adjust their asset allocation based on investor age (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which investment fund category aims to match the performance of a broad market index?

<p>Index Funds (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What component is added to the expense ratios to correctly assess the total costs of mutual funds?

<p>12b-1 charges (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a defining feature of Life Cycle Funds?

<p>Change asset allocation as the investor ages (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of a Flexible Asset Allocation Fund?

<p>Adjusts investments based on market conditions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the front-end load in mutual funds?

<p>To offset marketing expenses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a mutual fund has a stated load of 5%, what can be inferred about the effective load?

<p>It is guaranteed to be greater than 5% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the calculation for the rate of return on a mutual fund include?

<p>NAV change, Income, and Capital gains distribution (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about mutual fund performance is accurate?

<p>Gross performance is similar for load and no-load funds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are soft dollars primarily exchanged for in the context of mutual funds?

<p>Research services (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the term 'operating expenses' in mutual funds?

<p>Costs related to managing the fund’s portfolio (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is likely to happen when a mutual fund has high operating expenses?

<p>Poorer overall performance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In terms of mutual fund fees, what do investors generally avoid in no-load funds?

<p>Sales charges (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'annual fee' in mutual funds typically cover?

<p>Marketing and distribution costs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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