Investigative Journalism - Module 1
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary role of an investigative reporter?

  • To write opinion pieces on current affairs.
  • To cover entertainment news.
  • To report on popular culture and trends.
  • To uncover hidden stories and expose truths. (correct)

Which quality is considered essential for an investigative journalist?

  • High levels of technical knowledge in computer programming.
  • Strong social media presence.
  • Ability to engage in creative writing.
  • Curiosity and a desire to ask questions. (correct)

What type of organizations does the Centre for Investigative Journalism (CIJ) focus on?

  • Entertainment industry blogs.
  • Nonprofit organizations and independent journalism platforms. (correct)
  • Corporate communication departments.
  • For-profit media companies.

What aspect of journalism does the CIJ advocate for?

<p>Press freedom and journalists' safety. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following methods is NOT typically used by investigative journalists?

<p>Viral marketing techniques. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What crucial skill allows investigative journalists to assess information critically?

<p>Critical thinking. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor influences the opportunities available in investigative journalism?

<p>The journalist's ability to uncover corruption and wrongdoing. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What quality indicates a journalist's adherence to ethical standards?

<p>Ethical integrity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary focus of the Panama Papers leak in 2016?

<p>Offshore accounts used to hide wealth (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What investigative technique involves outlining key elements before writing a story?

<p>Story outlining (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the Watergate Scandal?

<p>Investigative journalists uncovering a break-in cover-up (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is critical for journalists to protect their sources?

<p>Using encryption tools (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key aspect of maintaining integrity while cultivating sources?

<p>Ensuring transparency (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of project management in investigative journalism?

<p>To manage multiple sources and track progress (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one potential threat to the safety of investigative journalists?

<p>Physical threats in dangerous environments (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of data collection is crucial for protecting sensitive information?

<p>Using secure storage methods (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what situation may sting operations be considered ethical?

<p>To uncover corruption in the public interest (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a fundamental principle that journalists must uphold when dealing with sources?

<p>Guaranteeing anonymity for sources when necessary (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can happen if a journalist publishes false information that damages someone's reputation?

<p>They could face a lawsuit for defamation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following defines evidence in investigative journalism?

<p>Material or testimony that supports claims or arguments (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What legal issue may arise if a journalist publishes information that interferes with a legal proceeding?

<p>Contempt of court (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should journalists balance the public's right to know with individual privacy rights?

<p>By selectively reporting sensitive information (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Official Secrets Act prohibit for journalists investigating government stories?

<p>Disclosing official government secrets (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of evidence includes documents and artifacts used to substantiate claims?

<p>Physical evidence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary characteristic of investigative reporters?

<p>They often work independently or in small teams. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following methods is NOT typically used by investigative journalists?

<p>Rumor collection. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should investigative journalists always check to maintain integrity?

<p>The accuracy of every claim and document. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Effective interviews conducted by investigative journalists should focus on what type of questions?

<p>Open-ended questions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do investigative journalists need to defend their credibility?

<p>To ensure transparency and adhere to ethical standards. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one challenge investigative journalists face when targeting powerful figures?

<p>Accusations of bias or overreaching. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main objective of investigative journalism?

<p>To uncover truths and expose hidden issues. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which writing approach is essential for investigative journalism?

<p>Clear and concise writing with possible extensive rewriting. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of confidentiality in investigative journalism?

<p>It is essential to protect sources' identities when there is a risk to their safety. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a type of evidence commonly used in investigative journalism?

<p>Testimonial evidence such as interviews (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should journalists avoid publishing to prevent contempt of court?

<p>Any information that could influence ongoing legal proceedings (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When can journalists justify an intrusion into an individual's privacy?

<p>When it serves a compelling public interest. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one significant outcome of the Watergate Scandal investigation?

<p>It resulted in the resignation of U.S. President Richard Nixon. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical factor in building relationships with sources for journalists?

<p>Establishing trust (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the Official Secrets Act?

<p>It makes leaking classified information illegal in many countries. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is maintaining confidentiality important for journalists?

<p>To protect sources from retaliation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential step in fact-checking to avoid defamation?

<p>Verifying all evidence for accuracy and credibility. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What method is recommended for ensuring the anonymity of sources?

<p>Using encrypted communication tools (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What technique is recommended when designing a story?

<p>Creating a detailed plan and outline to identify key themes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is crucial for journalists' physical safety when working in dangerous environments?

<p>Completing safety training (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does ethical self-scrutiny entail for investigative journalists?

<p>Aligning methods and intentions with journalistic ethics (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of research involves conducting interviews and accessing public records?

<p>Primary research (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is necessary for investigative reporters to develop a deep understanding of their topic?

<p>In-depth knowledge and contextual awareness (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of criticism do investigative journalists often face from powerful entities?

<p>Legal challenges and smear campaigns (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Investigative Reporter

A journalist who thoroughly researches and exposes hidden truths, often on corruption or wrongdoing.

Investigative Journalism

A type of journalism concentrating on in-depth investigation of important topics and issues.

Investigative Reporter Qualities

Curiosity, persistence, critical thinking, ethical integrity, and technical skills are crucial.

CIJ

A UK-based nonprofit organization supporting investigative journalists.

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Research in IJ

Thorough investigation using multiple sources and fact-checking methods.

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Curiosity in IJ

Asking 'why' and 'how' to dig deeper in uncovering stories

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Persistence in IJ

Continuing investigation despite time and difficulties

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Ethical Integrity in IJ

Adhering to high ethical standards.

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Ethical Sting Operations

Sting operations used to expose corruption or injustice, benefiting the public interest.

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Unethical Sting Operations

Sting operations that entrap individuals, deceive sources, or misrepresent the journalist.

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Source Confidentiality

Protecting sources' anonymity, especially in sensitive cases, to ensure their safety or job.

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Contempt of Court

Publishing material that interferes with the legal process or prejudices a trial.

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Defamation

Publishing false information damaging someone's reputation.

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Evidence in IJ

Material supporting claims in investigative journalism, like documents, photos, or testimony.

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Public Records

Government or court documents available for investigative journalism.

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Balancing Privacy and Public Interest

Investigative journalists must consider individual privacy rights with the public's right to know.

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Investigative Journalism

A type of journalism focused on in-depth investigations of public interest issues.

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Primary Sources

Original materials like interviews and documents used for investigative work.

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Secondary Sources

Existing information, like reports and news articles, in research.

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Probing Questions

Questions asked to gain insightful responses in interviews.

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Fact-Checking

Verifying the accuracy of information in an investigation.

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Libel

Publishing false information that harms someone's reputation.

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Investigative Reporter

A journalist focusing on in-depth investigations, not quick news.

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Digital Research

Utilizing databases, records and social media to find information.

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Panama Papers

A massive leak of financial documents exposing offshore accounts used by prominent figures to hide wealth.

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Watergate Scandal

A political scandal involving a cover-up of a break-in, leading to the resignation of a U.S. President.

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Journalistic Observation

Careful noting of details, patterns, and inconsistencies to find story leads.

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Source Cultivation

Building trust and confidentiality with sources over time to ensure reliable information.

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Project Management (IJ)

Keeping track of progress, managing multiple sources, and adapting the direction of an investigative story.

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Source Protection (IJ)

Protecting sources legally and with security tools to maintain confidentiality.

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Journalist Safety

Protecting investigative journalists from physical and psychological threats in dangerous environments.

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Investigative Story Outline

Structuring a story with key points, sources, and evidence before writing.

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Government Records

Essential tools in investigative journalism, like court documents or financial records.

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Source Confidentiality

Protecting the identity of people who provide information to journalists, to avoid harm.

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Contempt of Court

Publishing info that interferes with legal proceedings, against the law.

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Defamation

Publishing false info damaging someone's reputation; it's a legal issue.

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Evidence Verification

Checking the accuracy and credibility of all information used to support a claim.

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Types of Evidence

Documentary (contracts), testimonial (interviews), and physical (visuals) materials.

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Observational Detail

Paying close attention to small details for uncovering important story elements.

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Story Outline

A plan for a story that details themes, angle, and key questions.

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Source Confidentiality

Protecting the identity of informants and sources; preserving anonymity to protect them from retaliation.

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Project Structuring

Organizing an investigative story into distinct sections focusing on gathering evidence and information for each part.

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Digital Security (Sources)

Employing encryption tools (like Signal or PGP) to safeguard communications with confidential sources.

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Timeline Management

Setting milestones and deadlines to maintain progress and ensure timely completion of an investigation.

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Primary Research (IJ)

Directly gathering data through interviews, public documents, and site visits.

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Investigative Goal Setting

Defining the purpose of the investigation (e.g., expose corruption, influence policy).

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Source Building

Establishing trust through open communication and building respectful relationships with sources.

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Journalist Safety

Considering physical safety (especially in dangerous environments) and cybersecurity (protecting against hacking and surveillance).

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Study Notes

Investigative Journalism - Module 1

  • Investigative reporters delve deeply into issues, uncovering hidden truths and exposing concealed information.
  • They use various methods (interviews, documents) to expose truths often ignored by mainstream media.
  • Investigative reporters expose corruption, wrongdoing, government malfeasance, and social injustices.
  • Thorough research and fact-checking are essential for accuracy.
  • Qualities for investigative journalists include curiosity, persistence, patience, critical thinking, and ethical integrity.
  • Technical skills such as data journalism and database usage are important.
  • Career opportunities can involve investigative reporting roles, data journalism, documentaries, and freelance work.
  • The Centre for Investigative Journalism (CIJ) provides training, support, and resources for investigative reporters.
  • Ethical sting operations can be used to expose corruption but should avoid entrapment or deception.
  • The potential harm to individuals or society must not outweigh the benefit of the story.

Investigative Journalism - Module 2

  • Public records, government documents, and court records are often sources for investigative journalism.
  • Confidentiality of sources is crucial to protect journalistic and source safety, particularly when sensitive information is involved.
  • Contempt of Court and defamation are legal risks for journalists.
  • Journalists must balance the public’s right to know with individual privacy rights.

Investigative Journalism - Module 3

  • Observation is crucial for spotting details and patterns in an environment.
  • Story outline involves identifying themes, angle, primary questions, goals, and expected impact.
  • Source relationships require building trust and maintaining confidentiality.
  • A project timeline helps organize an investigation and ensure milestones are met.

Investigative Journalism - Module 4

  • Legal protections for sources vary between nations.
  • Secure communication (encryption) protects source and sensitive information security.
  • Journalists working in dangerous environments require physical and psychological safety awareness.
  • Investigative journalism is often met with criticism, necessitating work transparency and ethical practices to maintain credibility.

Investigative Journalism - Module 5

  • Primary and secondary research methods are key to understanding the topic and supporting the story effectively.
  • In-depth knowledge, contextual awareness, and identifying biases are needed.
  • Probing questions uncover nuances, inconsistencies, and motivations behind situations.
  • Rigorous fact-checking and avoiding libel are fundamental ethical guidelines.
  • Clear, concise, and accessible writing is essential for communicating complex information efficiently.

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Description

Explore the essential elements of investigative journalism in this Module 1 quiz. Learn about the techniques, ethics, and skills necessary for uncovering hidden truths and exposing societal issues. This quiz covers various aspects like methods, qualities of reporters, and career opportunities in the field.

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