Invasive Species Economic and Environmental Impact
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Questions and Answers

What is one of the economic impacts of invasive species according to estimates?

  • Reduction in the cost of water management
  • Annual cumulative lost revenue of $5 to $10 billion
  • Annual cumulative lost revenue of $13 to $35 billion (correct)
  • Increased job creation in agriculture

    • Which of the following is NOT a social/aesthetic impact of invasive species?

  • Reduced property values
  • Damage to private property and infrastructure
  • Lost income
  • Increased recreational opportunities (correct)

    • What cost is associated with controlling and managing invasive species?

  • Decreased pest control requirements
  • Increased maintenance costs
  • Increased control and management costs (correct)
  • Reduced farming efficiency

    • Which of the following represents an environmental impact of invasive species?

    <p>Increased erosion and sedimentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can invasive species impact trade?

    <p>By imposing export and import trade restrictions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes invasive species from introduced species?

    <p>Invasive species negatively impact the environment, economy, or society.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a method by which invasive species spread?

    <p>Human activities, both accidental and intentional</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do invasive species impact biodiversity?

    <p>They threaten biodiversity by competing with native species.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect do invasive species have on forest productivity?

    <p>They can lead to decreased forest stand diversity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an impact of invasive species on agriculture?

    <p>Enhancement of soil nutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is an example of an invasive insect in Canada?

    <p>Japanese Beetle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do invasive species potentially alter natural fire regimes?

    <p>They may increase the severity and frequency of fires.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which invasive plant species is found in Canada?

    <p>Canada thistle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of aquatic invasive species (AIS)?

    <p>They may harm human health and economies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of ecosystem function can be disrupted by invasive species?

    <p>Essential ecosystem functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimated annual revenue loss due to invasive species in agriculture and forestry?

    <p>$7.5 billion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a socio-economic factor in managing invasive species?

    <p>Ecology of the species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common management technique for controlling invasive species?

    <p>Chemical control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary issue that feral pigs contribute to on agricultural land?

    <p>Infrastructure damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a behavior exhibited by feral pigs that leads to ecological damage?

    <p>Trampling of crops</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using Judas pigs as a management strategy for feral pigs?

    <p>To attract and locate wild pig populations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these diseases can feral pigs transmit to livestock?

    <p>Pseudorabies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact do feral pigs have on water sources?

    <p>Contaminate water through feces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What management strategy for feral pigs was employed in Alberta?

    <p>Raising awareness and paid hunting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method has proven effective in other regions for managing feral pig populations?

    <p>Aerial hunting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant habitat preference for feral pigs?

    <p>Fresh water with dense cover</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How often can female feral pigs have litters each year?

    <p>Twice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a reason for low participation from counties in the Alberta feral pig management program?

    <p>High costs of hunting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do feral pigs primarily feed on in their habitats?

    <p>Plants, seeds, and small animals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Introduced and Invasive Species

    • Introduced species are plants, animals, and microorganisms that have been intentionally or accidentally moved from their native range to a new location.
    • Invasive species are introduced species whose introduction or spread negatively impacts the environment, economy, and/or society, including human health.

    How Invasive Species Spread

    • Humans (accidentally and intentionally)
    • Climate change

    Impacts of Invasive Species

    • Environment:

      • Reduce soil productivity
      • Impact water quality and quantity
      • Degrade range resources and wildlife habitat
      • Threaten biodiversity
      • Alter natural fire regimes
      • Introduce diseases
      • Compete with native species for resources

    • Forests:

      • Invasives interfere with forest regeneration and productivity, resulting in:
        • Loss of wildlife habitat
        • Decreased forest stand diversity
        • Vulnerability to insects and disease

    • Agriculture:

      • Reduce crop yields and quality
      • Introduce diseases and pests
      • Reduce forage quality
      • Examples of invasive insects: Lesser Grain Borer, Western Bean Cutworm, Japanese Beetle
      • Examples of invasive plants: Canada thistle, Smooth brome, Kentucky blue grass

    Aquatic Invasive Species (AIS)

    • AIS have high potential to cause harm to the environment, economy, and human health as they become established outside their natural range.

    Social/Aesthetic Impacts

    • When invasive plants or species become established in natural or agricultural areas, they can cause:
      • Lost income
      • Reduced water quality and quantity
      • Reduced property values
      • Damage to private property and infrastructure
      • Loss of traditional food and medicinal plants
      • Reduced land and water recreational opportunities
      • Increased control and management costs
      • Import and export trade restrictions

    Economic Impacts

    • Invasives are expensive.
    • According to Environment and Climate Change Canada, the estimated annual cumulative lost revenue caused by 16 invasive species is between $13 billion and $35 billion.
    • Invasive species that damage agricultural and forestry industries result in an estimated $7.5 billion of lost revenue annually.

    Management Strategies

    • Assessment Factors:

      • Containment feasibility and environmental suitability
      • Ecology and status of invasive species
      • Pathways for dispersal

    • Socio-economic Factors:

      • Costs for control
      • Societal factors

    • Vegetation management:

      • Education
      • Mechanical methods (pulling weeds/mowing)
      • Grazing by livestock
      • Biological control
      • Chemical control
      • Monitor and reassess

    • AIS Management:

      • Education (clean, drain, dry)
      • Eradication (chemical, biological, mechanical)
      • Containment
      • Managing established populations below a threshold
      • Mitigating impacts to particular activities or resources

    Feral Pig Issues

    • Prey on amphibians, small mammals. ground-nesting birds
    • Rooting destroys seedlings and native plants
    • Wallowing and rooting increases erosion, sedimentation, and increases invasive plants
    • Major crop and infrastructure damage on agricultural land.
    • Transmit diseases to livestock
    • Water contamination
    • Cause vehicle collisions
    • Impacts on rare and endangered species

    Feral Pig Management

    • Alberta campaign (2-year program) with hunters paid $75/head. 4 counties and municipalities participated, but high cost led to low participation.
    • Brooke and Van Beest 2014 research showed landowners' main concerns related to crop damage, environmental impacts, and harassment of livestock.
    • Techniques: hunting, ground trapping, aerial hunting, fencing, raising awareness, and compensation programs for damage and control efforts
    • Other methods: Judas pigs

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    Related Documents

    Introduced and Invasive Species PDF

    Description

    Explore the various impacts of invasive species in this quiz. Test your knowledge on their economic, social, aesthetic, and environmental effects, as well as the management costs associated with controlling these species. Understand how invasive species can influence trade and ecosystems.

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