Podcast
Questions and Answers
At absolute zero temperature (0K and 0R), molecules stop ______
At absolute zero temperature (0K and 0R), molecules stop ______
moving
Internal Energy (U) is developed through the movement of molecules within the substance caused by a change in ______
Internal Energy (U) is developed through the movement of molecules within the substance caused by a change in ______
temperature
Flow Work (𝑊𝐹) is a work due to the movement of ______ brought about by the displacement of the boundaries
Flow Work (𝑊𝐹) is a work due to the movement of ______ brought about by the displacement of the boundaries
volume
Enthalpy (H) is the total energy of the substance that, if harnessed, would be capable of doing ______
Enthalpy (H) is the total energy of the substance that, if harnessed, would be capable of doing ______
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Vacuum Pressure (𝑃𝑣𝑎𝑐) is lower than ______ pressure or a pressure reading below ‘zero’
Vacuum Pressure (𝑃𝑣𝑎𝑐) is lower than ______ pressure or a pressure reading below ‘zero’
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Absolute Zero Pressure aka perfect vacuum is lower than ______ pressure
Absolute Zero Pressure aka perfect vacuum is lower than ______ pressure
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The ______ deals with THERMAL EQUILIBRIUM and establishes a concept of temperature.
The ______ deals with THERMAL EQUILIBRIUM and establishes a concept of temperature.
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FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS aka LAW OF CONSERVATION OF ______, states that energy cannot be created or destroyed in an isolated system.
FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS aka LAW OF CONSERVATION OF ______, states that energy cannot be created or destroyed in an isolated system.
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SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS states that the entropy of any isolated system always ______.
SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS states that the entropy of any isolated system always ______.
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THIRD LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS states that the entropy of a system approaches a constant value as the temperature approaches absolute ______.
THIRD LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS states that the entropy of a system approaches a constant value as the temperature approaches absolute ______.
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A SYSTEM is a quantity of matter or a region in space of ______.
A SYSTEM is a quantity of matter or a region in space of ______.
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BOUNDARY is the actual or hypothetical envelope enclosing the system that may be fixed or move, may be real or ______.
BOUNDARY is the actual or hypothetical envelope enclosing the system that may be fixed or move, may be real or ______.
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The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics states that if two systems are in thermal equilibrium with a third system, then they are in thermal equilibrium with each other. This law helps define the concept of ______.
The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics states that if two systems are in thermal equilibrium with a third system, then they are in thermal equilibrium with each other. This law helps define the concept of ______.
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The First Law of Thermodynamics, also known as the Law of Conservation of Energy, states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only ______ from one form to another.
The First Law of Thermodynamics, also known as the Law of Conservation of Energy, states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only ______ from one form to another.
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The Second Law of Thermodynamics states that in any spontaneous process, the total entropy of a system and its surroundings will always ______ over time.
The Second Law of Thermodynamics states that in any spontaneous process, the total entropy of a system and its surroundings will always ______ over time.
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The Third Law of Thermodynamics states that as the temperature of a system approaches absolute zero, the entropy of the system approaches a minimum value. This is often used to determine the entropy of a system at ______ Kelvin.
The Third Law of Thermodynamics states that as the temperature of a system approaches absolute zero, the entropy of the system approaches a minimum value. This is often used to determine the entropy of a system at ______ Kelvin.
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A Thermodynamic System is a system where the interaction of heat and work occurs. An Open System allows both mass and energy to cross its boundary, while a Closed System allows only energy to cross. In a Non-Isolated System, mass can cross the boundary but energy can also cross. An Isolated System does not allow both mass and energy to cross its boundary. These are different types of systems based on their interaction with the surroundings and the ability to exchange ______.
A Thermodynamic System is a system where the interaction of heat and work occurs. An Open System allows both mass and energy to cross its boundary, while a Closed System allows only energy to cross. In a Non-Isolated System, mass can cross the boundary but energy can also cross. An Isolated System does not allow both mass and energy to cross its boundary. These are different types of systems based on their interaction with the surroundings and the ability to exchange ______.
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The Control Volume in thermodynamics refers to a focused volume in space from which a substance flows, often associated with devices like pumps, compressors, and turbines. The Control Surface is the boundary that surrounds this volume. These concepts are important in the study of fluid dynamics and heat transfer to analyze the flow of substances and energy within a ______.
The Control Volume in thermodynamics refers to a focused volume in space from which a substance flows, often associated with devices like pumps, compressors, and turbines. The Control Surface is the boundary that surrounds this volume. These concepts are important in the study of fluid dynamics and heat transfer to analyze the flow of substances and energy within a ______.
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Study Notes
Thermodynamic Concepts
- Absolute zero temperature (0K) is the point at which molecular motion ceases entirely.
- Internal Energy (U) arises from the movement and interactions of molecules in response to temperature changes.
- Flow Work (𝑊𝐹) results from the movement of fluids caused by the displacement of system boundaries.
Enthalpy and Pressure
- Enthalpy (H) represents the total energy contained in a substance, which could be transformed into work.
- Vacuum Pressure (𝑃𝑣𝑎𝑐) indicates a pressure level that is lower than atmospheric pressure, reflecting values below zero.
- Absolute Zero Pressure, or perfect vacuum, signifies a pressure that is far below atmospheric levels.
Laws of Thermodynamics
- The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics defines thermal equilibrium, establishing the foundational concept of temperature.
- The First Law of Thermodynamics, known as the Law of Conservation of Energy, asserts that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed.
- The Second Law of Thermodynamics states that entropy in an isolated system always increases over time, indicating natural progression towards disorder.
- The Third Law of Thermodynamics posits that as temperature approaches absolute zero, the entropy of a system approaches a constant minimum value.
Definitions and System Types
- A thermodynamic system is defined as a quantity of matter or a specific region in space under study.
- A boundary is the physical or theoretical limit that confines the system, which may be real, hypothetical, fixed, or mobile.
- Open systems permit both mass and energy exchange across their boundaries, while closed systems allow only energy transfer.
- Non-Isolated Systems enable mass and energy transfer, whereas Isolated Systems restrict all forms of exchange.
Control Volumes and Surfaces
- The Control Volume in thermodynamics is a selected region in space for analyzing fluid flow, often related to pumps and turbines.
- The Control Surface defines the boundaries of this Control Volume, essential for studying fluid dynamics and energy transfer in thermodynamic processes.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the basics of thermodynamics including the study of energy, energy conversion, heat relations, and the ability of energy to do work. Explore concepts such as thermal equilibrium, temperature, and the first law of thermodynamics.
