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Questions and Answers
What does the lifeblood doctrine imply about the necessity of taxes for a government?
What does the lifeblood doctrine imply about the necessity of taxes for a government?
- Taxes are optional if the government manages funds efficiently.
- Taxes are essential for government operation and functioning. (correct)
- Without taxes, the government can still operate using alternative funding sources.
- The government can rely solely on voluntary contributions.
Which principle of taxation emphasizes fairness based on individual taxpayer circumstances?
Which principle of taxation emphasizes fairness based on individual taxpayer circumstances?
- Vertical equity
- Horizontal equity (correct)
- Equitable taxation
- Tax exemption principle
What is the implication of the theory of taxation regarding claims for tax exemption?
What is the implication of the theory of taxation regarding claims for tax exemption?
- They are automatically accepted if supported by evidence.
- They are construed against the taxpayer. (correct)
- They are always granted if requested.
- They should be viewed favorably by the courts.
Which of the following is stated as a general principle concerning income received in advance?
Which of the following is stated as a general principle concerning income received in advance?
According to the taxation principles, what right does the government reserve regarding taxation?
According to the taxation principles, what right does the government reserve regarding taxation?
What does the net concept of taxation focus on?
What does the net concept of taxation focus on?
Why is it said that 'the government cannot exist without a system of funding'?
Why is it said that 'the government cannot exist without a system of funding'?
What is one restriction related to deductions in income taxation?
What is one restriction related to deductions in income taxation?
Which theory suggests that individuals should pay taxes based on the benefits they receive from government services?
Which theory suggests that individuals should pay taxes based on the benefits they receive from government services?
What is preferred when a claimable expense is subject to a limit?
What is preferred when a claimable expense is subject to a limit?
Which aspect of the ability to pay theory emphasizes taxation proportional to a person's income level?
Which aspect of the ability to pay theory emphasizes taxation proportional to a person's income level?
Which power allows the government to take private property for public use?
Which power allows the government to take private property for public use?
Which of the following is NOT a necessary attribute of sovereignty regarding state powers?
Which of the following is NOT a necessary attribute of sovereignty regarding state powers?
Which statement correctly describes the tax status of governments in relation to their own income?
Which statement correctly describes the tax status of governments in relation to their own income?
What does the police power of the government focus on?
What does the police power of the government focus on?
Non-delegation of taxing power means that governments cannot:
Non-delegation of taxing power means that governments cannot:
What characterizes a progressive system of taxation?
What characterizes a progressive system of taxation?
What is the intended effect of taxing the rich more than the poor in a progressive tax system?
What is the intended effect of taxing the rich more than the poor in a progressive tax system?
Which entities are exempt from real property tax regardless of their operation in the Philippines?
Which entities are exempt from real property tax regardless of their operation in the Philippines?
Which court has the ultimate jurisdiction over tax cases in the Philippines?
Which court has the ultimate jurisdiction over tax cases in the Philippines?
What is one requirement for appropriating public funds for educational purposes in the Philippines?
What is one requirement for appropriating public funds for educational purposes in the Philippines?
What is the maximum time frame for the income tax to prescribe if not collected for services rendered?
What is the maximum time frame for the income tax to prescribe if not collected for services rendered?
Which compensation is not considered religious appropriation within the context provided?
Which compensation is not considered religious appropriation within the context provided?
According to the principles of taxation, which doctrine states that 'the power to tax involves the power to destroy'?
According to the principles of taxation, which doctrine states that 'the power to tax involves the power to destroy'?
What is the doctrine that prevents courts from issuing an injunction against tax collection by the government?
What is the doctrine that prevents courts from issuing an injunction against tax collection by the government?
Which of the following is true concerning the exemption from taxes for non-profit educational institutions?
Which of the following is true concerning the exemption from taxes for non-profit educational institutions?
Under what circumstance does tax prescribe if there is no return filed?
Under what circumstance does tax prescribe if there is no return filed?
What type of tax law is prohibited from retroaction under the Constitution?
What type of tax law is prohibited from retroaction under the Constitution?
What does the doctrine of non-appropriation of public property emphasize?
What does the doctrine of non-appropriation of public property emphasize?
Which scenario exemplifies double taxation?
Which scenario exemplifies double taxation?
What does the concept of non-compensation or set-off imply regarding tax?
What does the concept of non-compensation or set-off imply regarding tax?
Which of the following doctrines asserts that 'taxation is the rule; exemption is the exception'?
Which of the following doctrines asserts that 'taxation is the rule; exemption is the exception'?
What happens when taxation laws are vague?
What happens when taxation laws are vague?
Which doctrine refers to the creation of Ecozones along with tax holidays?
Which doctrine refers to the creation of Ecozones along with tax holidays?
How is the obligation arising from non-assignment of taxes characterized?
How is the obligation arising from non-assignment of taxes characterized?
What is the lifeblood doctrine in relation to tax exemption laws?
What is the lifeblood doctrine in relation to tax exemption laws?
What characterizes reciprocal tax treatment?
What characterizes reciprocal tax treatment?
Which of the following is NOT a primary element of double taxation?
Which of the following is NOT a primary element of double taxation?
What is an example of an escape from taxation?
What is an example of an escape from taxation?
What is implied by allowing treaties or bilateral agreements in taxation?
What is implied by allowing treaties or bilateral agreements in taxation?
Study Notes
Introduction to Taxation
- Taxation is an inherent power of the state that requires subjects to make proportional contributions for public purposes.
- It involves a process where the legislature levies taxes for funding government operations.
- Taxes serve as a mode for distributing government costs to beneficiaries of public services.
Lifeblood Doctrine
- Taxes are essential for government function; without them, the government would be unable to operate.
- Timely collection of taxes is crucial to ensure the government remains effective and functional.
Theory of Taxation
- Taxes are imposed regardless of the absence of government services received.
- Claims for tax exemptions are interpreted against taxpayers by default.
- The government selects tax objects and maintains the right to collect taxes without court interference.
Income Tax Guidelines
- Taxpayers must recognize income received in advance as taxable upon receipt.
- Deductions for capital expenditures and prepaid amounts are generally not allowed since they delay tax collection.
- Taxable events, like income tax, are subject to limitations regarding claimable expenses.
Theories of Cost Allocation
- Benefit received theory: individuals pay taxes based on the benefits received from government services.
- Ability to pay theory: taxes are based on an individual's capacity to contribute.
Inherent Powers of the State
- Taxation power enables the government to impose taxes for its sustenance.
- Police power allows legislation to safeguard public welfare and order.
- Eminent domain enables the government to take private property for public use with just compensation.
Government Tax Exemptions
- Governments do not tax their own income or that of other governments.
- Revenues from government-owned corporations are subject to tax unless exempted.
Separation of Religion and State
- Public funds cannot be appropriated for the benefit of religious groups.
- Compensation for religious ministers is excluded from tax exemptions regarding public employment.
Income Tax Situs
- The place of service delivery determines the income tax situs for services rendered.
- The income tax situs for goods is defined by the place of sale.
Fundamental Doctrines in Taxation
- Marshall Doctrine: emphasizes that taxation can destroy if misused, but should primarily raise revenue.
- Holme’s Doctrine supports the idea that the judiciary cannot override taxation power.
- Tax laws are generally prospective and cannot retroactively apply.
Tax Law and Judicial Non-interference
- Courts cannot obstruct tax collection efforts by issuing injunctions against the government.
- Misrepresentation by taxpayers does not bind the government regarding tax collection.
Double Taxation
- Occurs when a taxpayer is taxed twice by the same jurisdiction on the same income or asset.
- Elements of double taxation include the same object, type, and purpose of tax.
Escapes from Taxation
- Available methods for taxpayers to limit or avoid their tax burden while remaining compliant with tax laws.
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Description
Test your knowledge about the principles and theories of taxation. This quiz covers essential topics including the lifeblood doctrine and income tax guidelines. Understand the importance of taxation for government operations and the legal frameworks governing it.
