Introduction to Statistics

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Questions and Answers

From which language does the word 'Statistics' originate?

Latin

In the first place, what does the word 'statistics' refer to?

Numerical facts systematically arranged

In what form is the word 'statistics' used in the phrase 'numerical facts systematically arranged'?

Plural

What is a single numerical quantity calculated from sample observations called?

<p>Statistic</p>
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What does the word 'statistics' denote in the singular?

<p>Science</p>
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Give one reason why statistics information is used.

<p>To inform the general public or to explain things that have happened</p>
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What are the numerical quantities calculated from sample observations called?

<p>Statistics</p>
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What kind of facts does the word 'statistics' refer to in the first place?

<p>Numerical</p>
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What is statistics characterized as when embodying the general process of learning?

<p>Science</p>
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What is a common way that people view statistics?

<p>Subject that deals with percentages, charts, graphs, averages and tables</p>
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Name one thing statistical information can be used for.

<p>To inform public</p>
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What does the word 'status' mean in Latin?

<p>Political state</p>
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What kind of data is used to make inferences and reach decisions?

<p>Numerical</p>
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What is one of the uses for statistical information mentioned in the attached text?

<p>inform general public</p>
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What does the word 'Statistics' originally mean, stemming from the Latin word 'status'?

<p>Information useful to the state</p>
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What kind of quantities are statistics thirdly defined as?

<p>Numerical</p>
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According to some people, statistics is about making what?

<p>Inferences</p>
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Besides informing the general public, what else can statistical information be used for?

<p>To explain things that have happened</p>
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The instability of what is referred to by word statistics?

<p>Data</p>
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What does the word 'statistics' denote in all examples?

<p>Set of numerical data</p>
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Flashcards

Statistics (plural)

Numerical facts systematically arranged and used in the plural, with examples like statistics of prices or accidents.

Statistics (discipline)

A discipline that uses procedures to collect, process, and analyze numerical data to make inferences and decisions under uncertainty.

Statistics (numerical quantities)

Numerical quantities calculated from sample observations. A single such value is called a statistic.

Uses of Statistical Information

To inform the general public, explain events, justify claims, provide comparisons, predict outcomes, estimate quantities, and determine relationships.

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Origin of 'Statistics'

Originally meant information useful to the state, like population sizes or armed forces data.

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Statistic (single)

A value calculated from sample data.

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Study Notes

  • Statistics involves percentages, charts, graphs, averages, and tables.
  • Some view statistics as rules and methods for collecting and presenting numerical information.
  • Others see it as making inferences about a population using sample information.
  • The word "statistics" originates from the Latin word "status," meaning a political state.
  • It initially described information useful to the state, such as population sizes and military strength.
  • The word's meaning has evolved over time.
  • Statistics refers to numerical facts systematically arranged, and is used in the plural form.
  • Examples include statistics of prices, road accidents, crimes, births, and educational institutions.
  • The word "statistics" denotes a set of numerical data in specific fields.
  • The man on the street usually uses "data" instead of "statistics".

Statistics Examples

  • Children using a certain brand of toothpaste have 60% fewer cavities.
  • The Bureau of Census projects Pakistan's population to be 170.1 million in 2010.
  • Eight out of ten Pakistanis lack skills.
  • Diabetes prevalence is three times higher in overweight individuals than in normal-weight people.
  • In 1980, it was estimated that 0.1% of people had tried drugs, compared to 10% in 2008.
  • Statistics is a discipline involving procedures to collect, process, and analyze numerical data for inferences and decisions in the face of uncertainty.
  • Uncertainty acknowledges incompleteness and instability of the data.
  • "Statistics" in the singular refers to the science of making decisions based on numerical data and as a subject is mathematical.
  • Numerical quantities calculated from sample observations are called statistics, and a single one is a statistic.
  • The word "statistics" is used in the plural sense when referring to these quantities.

Uses of Statistical Information

  • Inform the general public
  • Explain events
  • Justify claims
  • Provide general comparisons
  • Predict future outcomes
  • Estimate unknown quantities
  • Establish relationships between factors
  • Statistics involves understanding data and not just numbers.

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