Podcast
Questions and Answers
Natural sciences focus on the physical world.
Natural sciences focus on the physical world.
True
The scientific method consists of four steps.
The scientific method consists of four steps.
False
Social sciences study abstract concepts.
Social sciences study abstract concepts.
False
Ethics in science emphasize the integrity of research.
Ethics in science emphasize the integrity of research.
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Variables in an experiment include independent and dependent variables.
Variables in an experiment include independent and dependent variables.
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The conclusion in the scientific method comes before analysis.
The conclusion in the scientific method comes before analysis.
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Applied sciences focus solely on theoretical knowledge.
Applied sciences focus solely on theoretical knowledge.
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Mathematics is considered a formal science.
Mathematics is considered a formal science.
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A scientific theory is an untested idea.
A scientific theory is an untested idea.
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The repetition of experiments ensures findings are reliable.
The repetition of experiments ensures findings are reliable.
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Study Notes
Definition of Science
- Systematic enterprise that builds and organizes knowledge.
- Operates through observation, experimentation, and evidence.
Branches of Science
-
Natural Sciences
- Focus on the physical world.
- Subfields:
- Physics
- Chemistry
- Biology
- Earth Sciences
-
Formal Sciences
- Study abstract concepts.
- Includes mathematics, logic, and statistics.
-
Social Sciences
- Focus on human behavior and societal structures.
- Subfields:
- Psychology
- Sociology
- Economics
- Political Science
-
Applied Sciences
- Practical applications of scientific knowledge.
- Includes engineering, medicine, and technology.
Scientific Method
-
Observation
- Identifying phenomena to study.
-
Question
- Formulating questions based on observations.
-
Hypothesis
- Proposed explanation for the observed phenomena.
-
Experimentation
- Testing the hypothesis through controlled experiments.
-
Analysis
- Evaluating data to determine if it supports the hypothesis.
-
Conclusion
- Drawing conclusions and reporting results.
-
Repeat
- Repetition to confirm findings and ensure reliability.
Key Concepts
- Theory: A well-supported explanation based on repeated experiments and observations.
- Law: A statement describing consistent observations, often mathematical.
-
Variables:
- Independent: Changed or controlled in a scientific experiment.
- Dependent: Measured response to changes in the independent variable.
Importance of Science
- Advances technology and medicine.
- Provides a framework for understanding natural phenomena.
- Informs policy-making and societal decisions.
- Promotes critical thinking and problem-solving skills.
Ethics in Science
- Importance of integrity in research.
- Ethical considerations in experiments, especially with human and animal subjects.
- Impact of scientific advancements on society and the environment.
What is Science?
- A systematic pursuit to create and organize knowledge through observation, experimentation, and evidence.
Branches of Science
- Natural Sciences: Explore the physical world, including physics, chemistry, biology, and earth sciences.
- Formal Sciences: Deal with abstract concepts like mathematics, logic, and statistics.
- Social Sciences: Study human behavior and societal structures, including psychology, sociology, economics, and political science.
- Applied Sciences: Use scientific knowledge for practical applications in fields like engineering, medicine, and technology.
The Scientific Method: A Framework for Discovery
- Observation: Identifying phenomena to study.
- Question: Formulating questions based on observations.
- Hypothesis: Proposing an explanation for observed phenomena.
- Experimentation: Testing the hypothesis through controlled experiments.
- Analysis: Evaluating data to determine if it supports the hypothesis.
- Conclusion: Drawing conclusions and reporting results.
- Repeat: Repeating experiments to confirm findings and ensure reliability.
Key Concepts in Science
- Theory: A well-supported explanation based on repeated experiments and observations.
- Law: A statement describing consistent observations, often expressed mathematically.
-
Variables: Factors that can be altered or measured in an experiment.
- Independent Variable: Changed or controlled during an experiment.
- Dependent Variable: Measured response to changes in the independent variable.
Importance of Science
- Drives advancements in technology and medicine.
- Provides a framework for understanding natural phenomena.
- Informs policy-making and societal decisions.
- Cultivates critical thinking and problem-solving skills.
Ethics in Science
- Integrity is vital in research.
- Ethical considerations are paramount in experiments, particularly with human and animal subjects.
- Scientific advancements have significant impacts on society and the environment.
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Description
Test your understanding of the definition and branches of science, including natural, formal, social, and applied sciences. Explore the scientific method and its steps such as observation, questioning, hypothesis, and experimentation. Perfect for those studying introductory science concepts.
