Introduction to Science: Principles and Methods
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a core principle of science?

  • Skepticism (correct)
  • Acceptance
  • Subjectivity
  • Belief

What is the first step in the scientific method?

  • Analysis
  • Hypothesis
  • Observation (correct)
  • Conclusion

Which branch of science deals with the study of living organisms?

  • Earth Science
  • Chemistry
  • Physics
  • Biology (correct)

In the scientific method, what is the purpose of an experiment?

<p>To gather data (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of a scientific theory?

<p>It is a well-substantiated explanation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which area of study falls under the umbrella of social sciences?

<p>Sociology (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the best definition of 'Empiricism' in the context of science?

<p>Emphasizing evidence obtained through observation and experimentation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of Earth Science?

<p>The study of the Earth's structure, processes, and history (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a statement that describes an observed regularity or pattern in nature?

<p>Scientific Law (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which system of units is most widely used by scientists?

<p>International System of Units (SI units) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the SI unit for measuring mass?

<p>Kilogram (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tool is used for observing distant objects in space?

<p>Telescope (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of data is numerical and can be analyzed statistically?

<p>Quantitative Data (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an experiment, what is the purpose of the control group?

<p>To provide a baseline for comparison (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is it called when subjects are assigned to different groups randomly?

<p>Randomization (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ethical principle involves reporting data and results accurately?

<p>Honesty (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process where experts evaluate the quality of scientific research?

<p>Peer Review (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is it called when someone presents someone else's work as their own?

<p>Plagiarism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is Science?

A systematic approach to understanding the natural world through observation, experimentation, and analysis.

Objectivity

Unbiased observation and interpretation of data, minimizing personal feelings in research.

Empiricism

Emphasizing evidence obtained through observation and experimentation.

Skepticism

Questioning claims and demanding evidence before acceptance.

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Replicability

Ensuring that experiments can be repeated and yield consistent results.

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Observation

The first step in the scientific method.

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Hypothesis

A testable explanation for an observation.

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Scientific Theory

A well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world, based on repeated observation and experiment.

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Scientific Law

A statement describing a consistent pattern in nature.

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SI Units System

Ensures consistency and accuracy in measurements worldwide.

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Scientific Notation

Expressing very large or small numbers using powers of 10.

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Quantitative Data

Data that is numerical and can be statistically analyzed.

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Control Group

The group in an experiment that does not receive treatment.

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Independent Variable

The variable changed by the researcher.

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Controlled Variables

Maintaining constant factors to prevent influence on results.

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Honesty in Science

Reporting data accurately and transparently.

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Peer Review

Evaluation of research by experts before publication.

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Bias

Unintentional influence that distorts study results.

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Description

Understand the fundamental principles of science, including objectivity, empiricism, and skepticism. Explore the scientific method, from observation to experimentation, and its role in advancing knowledge. Learn how science relies on evidence and testing.

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