Questions and Answers
The Twelve Tables is a code invented by the ______, which is an essential part of the constitution of laws.
Romans
The ______ was invented by Zhang Heng to determine the direction of an earthquake.
Seismograph
The Sumerian Sailboat was used to transport/import stones, metals, and timbers from ______ and Syria.
Asia Minor
The Chinese movable type printer was invented by ______, and it was the world’s first printer.
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During the Middle Ages, major developments included weaponry, navigation, agriculture, and ______.
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The ______ is a guided self-propelled flying weapon usually propelled by a jet engine or rocket motor.
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The electrical dynamo was practical used of electricity and developed by ______.
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The telephone was invented by ______ in 1876 while he experimented with transmitting sound via electricity.
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The term ‘Scientia’ means ______
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Natural Science deals with the ______ world such as physics and chemistry.
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Applied Science is used to apply existing scientific knowledge to develop more ______ applications.
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The term ‘Teknologia’ means systematic treatment of an art, craft, or ______.
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Pre-Industrial Societies relied on human and animal ______ for labor.
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Agrarian societies used advanced agricultural technologies to ______ crops.
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The Information Age gives leverage to small businesses to gain position in highly ______ markets.
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The Industrial Revolution was limited to big companies that could afford expensive ______.
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Study Notes
Science
- Definition of Science: Derived from “scientia,” meaning knowledge; involves systematic study of facts and truths.
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Divisions of Science:
- Natural Science: Explores physical world through disciplines like physics, chemistry, geology, and biology.
- Applied Science: Utilizes existing scientific knowledge for practical applications, e.g., technology and inventions.
- Pure Science: Focuses on the description, prediction, and understanding of natural phenomena based on empirical evidence.
- Definition of Technology: Originates from “teknologia,” referring to the systematic treatment of arts, crafts, or techniques.
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Ages of Technology:
- Industrial Age: Limited access to technology; predominantly benefiting large companies.
- Information Age: Empowers small businesses to compete effectively in the market.
Types of Technology
- Communication Technology
- Construction Technology
- Assistive Technology
- Medical, Beauty, and Fashion Technology
- Information Technology
- Entertainment Technology
- Business Technology
- Educational Technology
- Transportation Technology (including land, air, and water)
- Food and Agriculture Technology
- Warfare Technology
Society
- Definition of Society: Derived from “societas,” meaning a friendly association with others.
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Types of Societies:
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Pre-Industrial Societies: Relied on human and animal labor.
- Hunter & Gatherer: Focused on collecting wild plants and animals.
- Pastoral: Domesticated herd animals; employed labor division.
- Horticulturist: Cultivated fruits and vegetables.
- Agrarian: Advanced agricultural practices for crop cultivation.
- Feudal: Characterized by the presence of landlords.
- Industrial Societies: Emerged in the 15th-16th centuries; marked by capitalism and free-market competition.
- Post-Industrial Societies: Contemporary society characterized by information technology and service economies.
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Pre-Industrial Societies: Relied on human and animal labor.
Historical Antecedents in Science, Technology, and Society
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Prehistoric Era:
- Twelve Tables: Ancient Roman code crucial for laws on property, religion, and punishments.
- Seismograph: Chinese invention for detecting earthquake directions.
- Sumerian Sailboat: Enabled transportation of materials along rivers in Mesopotamia.
- Head of Sargon of Akkad: Architectural monument illustrating the importance of gods and kings.
- Chinese Umbrella: First umbrella created for practical use.
- Movable Type Printer: Early printing invention that revolutionized communication.
Middle Ages (500-1500 AD)
- Advancements in various fields enhancing society’s functionality:
- Hour Glass: Improved timekeeping method.
- Printing Press: Innovated by Gutenberg; facilitated mass communication.
- Compass: Significant for navigation and exploration during the Renaissance.
- Traverse Boards: Important tools for navigators.
- Missile Weapons: Development of guided weaponry for warfare.
- Microscope: Allowed magnification of small objects invisible to the naked eye.
- Telescope: Instrument for observing distant celestial objects.
Modern Era
- Research and development processes evolved significantly since the 19th century.
- Rapid advancements in science and technology reshaping human and societal dynamics.
- Key Inventions:
- Electrical Dynamo: Created by Michael Faraday; foundational use of electricity.
- Analytic Engine: Developed by Charles Babbage; precursor to the modern computer.
- Telephone: Invented by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876; pivotal in sound transmission over distance.
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Description
Explore the foundational concepts of science, including the definitions and divisions within the field. This quiz examines the differences between natural, applied, and pure sciences, along with their significance in understanding and applying knowledge. Test your comprehension of these essential scientific categories and their applications.
