Introduction to Routing and Packet Forwarding Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following statements about routing decisions is true?

The best path is selected based on the hop count metric used by OSPF.

The best path is selected by a routing protocol based on the metric value. (correct)

The best path is the path with the highest metric value.

The best path is always the shortest path in terms of physical distance.

What is the primary purpose of a routing table?

To maintain a list of all routers on the network.

To store information about directly connected networks and remote networks. (correct)

To calculate the best path for routing packets.

To store routing protocol configuration settings.

Which routing protocol uses hop count as its metric?

OSPF

EIGRP

RIP (correct)

All of the above

Which of the following metrics is not used by EIGRP for determining the best path?

Hop count Signup and view all the answers

What does the code 'L' represent in a routing table entry?

A local route associated with a router interface. Signup and view all the answers

What does the code 'S' represent in a routing table entry?

A static route configured manually. Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'C' entry in a routing table represent?

Connected network Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic of a routing table entry is used to determine the best path to a destination network?

Metric Signup and view all the answers

What information does the 'next-hop' field in a routing table entry provide?

The IP address of the next router to forward the packet to Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of static routing?

To manually define explicit paths between networking devices Signup and view all the answers

Which type of routing can automatically adjust to topology changes without involving the network administrator?

Dynamic routing Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'L' entry in a routing table represent?

Local network Signup and view all the answers

What command is used to display the IPv4 routing table on a Cisco router?

show ip route Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum requirement for an interface to be considered up/up and added to the IPv4 routing table?

The interface must be assigned a valid IPv4 address and activated with the 'no shutdown' command. Signup and view all the answers

What do the route source codes 'C' and 'L' indicate in the routing table entries for directly connected interfaces?

'C' indicates a directly connected network, and 'L' indicates the IPv4 address assigned to the router's interface. Signup and view all the answers

What information is included in a directly connected routing table entry?

The destination network and the outgoing interface. Signup and view all the answers

How are directly connected networks added to the routing table?

They are automatically added when the interfaces are configured with an appropriate IP address, subnet mask, and activated with the 'no shutdown' command. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the 'no shutdown' command on an interface?

It activates the interface and allows it to forward traffic. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Routing Decisions

Routing decisions are crucial for determining the optimal path for data packets in a network infrastructure.
Accurate routing decisions enhance network efficiency and reliability.

Routing Table Purpose

The primary purpose of a routing table is to store routes to various network destinations and to determine the best path for forwarding packets.

Routing Protocols and Metrics

The routing protocol that uses hop count as its metric is RIP (Routing Information Protocol).
EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol) employs several metrics to calculate the best path, excluding hop count as it considers bandwidth, delay, load, and reliability.

Routing Table Entry Codes

The code 'L' in a routing table entry signifies a local route, indicating that the interface is directly connected.
The code 'S' represents a static route, which does not change unless manually modified by the network administrator.
The 'C' entry denotes connected routes, which are directly linked to the router's interfaces.

Best Path Determination

The characteristic used to determine the best path in a routing table entry is the metric, which can involve various factors including bandwidth and delay.

Next-Hop Field

The 'next-hop' field provides the IP address of the next router to which the packet should be forwarded on its way to the destination network.

Static Routing

Static routing is used to manually configure routes in a network, allowing for control over path selection.

Automatic Routing Adjustment

Dynamic routing protocols can automatically adjust to topology changes without requiring intervention from the network administrator.

Interface Status and Commands

The minimum requirement for an interface to be considered up/up and added to the routing table is that both the interface and line protocols must be operational.
The command show ip route is used to display the IPv4 routing table on a Cisco router.

Directly Connected Networks

Directly connected networks are added to the routing table automatically when an interface is activated and assigned an IP address.
The 'no shutdown' command is used to enable an interface, transitioning it from a down state to an operational state, allowing it to participate in the routing process.

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Description

Test your knowledge on path determination, routing decisions, and best path selection in networking. Explore the concept of metrics and how dynamic routing protocols update routing tables.