Introduction to Research Methods
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Introduction to Research Methods

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What is the primary focus of qualitative research?

  • Assessing statistical data from large groups
  • Understanding individual perspectives and experiences (correct)
  • Collecting quantitative measurements for analysis
  • Testing hypotheses in controlled environments

    • Which error occurs when the wrong population is chosen for a study?

  • Population error (correct)
  • Sample error
  • Observation error
  • Measurement bias

    • Why is it important for a sample to be representative of the larger population?

  • To increase the scale of the research
  • To allow generalization of findings to the whole population (correct)
  • To ensure maximum participant engagement
  • To simplify the data analysis process

    • What leads to measurement bias in research?

    <p>Using tools that do not yield consistent results</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What constitutes a sample error in research?

    <p>Selecting participants from a group that is not reflective of the larger population</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is necessary for a measurement tool to be considered valid?

    <p>It measures what it is supposed to measure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a responsibility of researchers?

    <p>Maximizing the number of errors in study design</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one effect of using a non-representative sample?

    <p>Results in inaccurate conclusions about a population</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of routines in everyday life?

    <p>To take care of the everyday business of living</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do breaches or conflicts enhance research on routines?

    <p>They show how individuals cope with disruptions to their routines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes a ritual from a routine?

    <p>Rituals hold significant personal or cultural importance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common function of rules in social contexts?

    <p>To guide acceptable social behavior and promote socialization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might happen to individuals who do not conform to established social rules?

    <p>They may be perceived as deviant and stigmatized</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are routines described as symbols of self-cultivated habits?

    <p>They manifest consistent patterns reflecting personal and social influences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the concept of power in social life?

    <p>Power is a grand construct that affects social interactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what ways can routine actions prompt reflection by researchers?

    <p>They provide an opportunity to consider their possible futility or purpose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of condensing large amounts of data in research?

    <p>To summarize and symbolize information for efficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the concept of noticing patterns in human behavior?

    <p>Patterns highlight routines and relationships based on functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is involved in the process of induction according to qualitative data analysis?

    <p>Exploring problems while formulating answers through inquiry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does abduction contribute to the research process?

    <p>It examines possibilities to identify the most plausible explanation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the skill of unifying seemingly different things involve?

    <p>Harmonizing different data forms through analysis of their interconnections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best represents a key reason for noticing patterns in qualitative research?

    <p>It helps in understanding the human condition and behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of qualitative data analysis, what is a defining feature of deduction?

    <p>It is the final stage that derives conclusions from collected evidence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which skill is critical for researchers to work more efficiently with large quantities of information?

    <p>Condensing information into summarized forms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of qualitative research?

    <p>It focuses on textual and visual materials.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the scientific method?

    <p>A systematic process of observation and data collection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary goal of conducting research?

    <p>To gather observable and reliable information.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best categorizes qualitative research?

    <p>It explores human experiences using non-quantitative data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Empiricism is fundamentally about what?

    <p>Truth derived from observation and collection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is NOT a characteristic of qualitative research?

    <p>It relies on numerical data primarily.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What types of materials are primarily analyzed in qualitative research?

    <p>Interview transcripts and photographs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key focus area when discussing research methods?

    <p>Understanding the limitations and strengths of various methods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of roles in social life?

    <p>To influence and affect relationships with others</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes the nature of interaction?

    <p>Interactions consist of actions and reactions influenced by roles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do roles emerge in individuals?

    <p>From individuals’ personalities or identities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of institutional roles?

    <p>They can be multiple and conflicting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement reflects a common misconception about qualitative analysis?

    <p>Analysis occurs only after all data collection is complete</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do routines and rituals play in social interactions?

    <p>They facilitate exchanges in accordance with social rules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect is crucial for analyzing how individuals interact in social contexts?

    <p>Understanding social roles and their perception</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a thematic thread represent in the context of qualitative analysis?

    <p>A consistent focus that weaves through the research process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Introduction to Research Methods

    • Research is based on empiricism, the view that observed information is true and reliable.
    • Research is the process of gathering information about the unknown.

    Categories of Research Methods

    • The text lists qualitative and quantitative research methods.

    What is Qualitative Research

    • Qualitative research is a broad range of approaches and methods used to study natural social life.
    • It focuses on analyzing non-quantitative data, including textual and visual materials, to understand human experiences.
    • Qualitative research aims to comprehend how individuals see, experience, and make meaning of the world around them.

    Who Cares?

    • Research is valuable because it helps us understand the world and informs our decisions.
    • Research is critical for learning, problem-solving, and improving our lives.

    Research Responsibilities and Errors

    • Researchers have many responsibilities, including ensuring accuracy and minimizing errors.
    • Population error occurs when the wrong group of people is studied, leading to inaccurate information.
    • Sample error arises when participants are improperly selected, making it difficult to generalize findings.
    • Measurement bias happens when unreliable or invalid tools are used, resulting in inaccurate data.

    Qualitative Data Analysis Skills

    • Researchers condense large amounts of data to make it manageable.
    • They seek patterns in textual and visual materials to understand human behavior and social norms.
    • Qualitative researchers unify seemingly different things by exploring their interrelationships.

    Analyzing Routines, Rituals, and Rules

    • Analyzing routines helps researchers understand the repetitive actions that shape daily life.
    • Rituals are significant events that mark traditions, transitions, or celebrations.
    • Analysing rules helps researchers understand how societal expectations, codes, and regulations influence behavior.

    Understanding Roles and Relationships

    • Roles are the assumed personas and characteristics of individuals.
    • Roles are influenced by personality, identity, and social expectations.
    • Relationships emerge from interactions between individuals assuming different roles.
    • Relationships are shaped by routines, rituals, rules, and power dynamics.

    Analyzing Qualitative Data

    • Qualitative data analysis is an ongoing process, starting from the beginning of the research endeavor.
    • There is no single right way to analyze qualitative data.
    • Researchers use a range of techniques to analyze textual and visual materials.
    • Analysis involves identifying themes, patterns, and connections within the data.

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    Related Documents

    Introduction to Research Methods PDF

    Description

    This quiz provides an overview of research methods, including the differentiation between qualitative and quantitative approaches. It emphasizes the importance of empiricism and the value of research in understanding human experiences and informing decisions. Test your knowledge on the fundamental concepts of research responsibilities and errors.

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