12 Questions
What is the main advantage of asexual reproduction?
Retention of useful characteristics
Which of the following is NOT a common form of asexual reproduction?
Genetic recombination
Which of these organisms is capable of regeneration?
Planaria
What is the main disadvantage of asexual reproduction?
Lack of genetic variation
Which of the following is a form of vegetative propagation?
Stolons
What is the purpose of genetic recombination during sexual reproduction?
To create new gene combinations
Which of the following statements about asexual reproduction is correct?
The offspring are genetically identical to the parent.
What is the primary difference between mitosis and meiosis?
Mitosis maintains the diploid chromosome number, while meiosis reduces the chromosome number to haploid.
Which of the following is NOT a type of asexual reproduction?
Fertilization
In the process of budding, what happens to the bud or offspring?
It detaches itself from the parent after developing organs like the parent.
What is the primary advantage of asexual reproduction?
It can produce offspring rapidly and in large numbers.
In the process of fragmentation, what happens?
An offspring grows from a piece of the parent organism.
Study Notes
Reproduction in Organisms
- Reproduction is the process by which mature individuals produce offspring, an essential characteristic of all living organisms.
- The importance of reproduction lies in procreation and quality improvement.
Types of Reproduction
- There are two types of reproduction: asexual and sexual reproduction.
Asexual Reproduction
- Asexual reproduction involves the production of offspring that are genetically identical to the parent cell.
- Types of asexual reproduction:
- Fission: a cell splits or divides to form two new identical offspring.
- Budding: a new individual arises as an outgrowth (bud) from its parent, develops organs like those of the parent, and then detaches itself.
- Regeneration and fragmentation: an offspring grows from a piece of its parent.
- Spore formation: spores are produced and each spore develops into an offspring identical to the parent, generally occurring in non-flowering plants.
- Vegetative propagation: new plants are produced from vegetative structures such as roots, stems, and leaves of some plants, resulting in offspring identical to the parent.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Asexual Reproduction
- Advantages:
- Retention of useful characteristics/genes/traits
- Offspring establish faster/shorter life cycle
- Better chances of survival due to suitable environment
- Disadvantages:
- Lack of genetic variation
- Lowered resistance to disease
- Loss of hybrid vigor
- Competition for resources due to overcrowding
Sexual Reproduction
- Sexual reproduction involves the combination of genetic materials from different sex cells.
- The process of recombining genes to produce new gene combinations that differ from those of either parent is called genetic recombination.
- Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of egg cell (from the female organism) and sperm cell (from the male organism), resulting in fertilization.
Mitosis vs. Meiosis
- Mitosis:
- Maintenance of chromosome number (diploid)
- Takes place in somatic cells/growth
- No crossing over/no variation occurs
- Meiosis:
- Reduction/halving of chromosomes (haploid)
- Occurs in reproductive cells/gonads/produces gametes
This quiz covers the basic concepts of reproduction in living organisms, including the importance of reproduction, two types of reproduction (asexual and sexual), and the differentiation between asexual and sexual reproduction based on mitosis and meiosis.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
