Introduction to Psychology

Clinical Psychology
- Focus on diagnosing and treating mental disorders
Counseling Psychology
- Helps individuals with personal, social, and emotional issues
Developmental Psychology
- Studies changes in behavior and mental processes over the lifespan
Cognitive Psychology
- Examines mental processes like perception, memory, and problem-solving
Social Psychology
- Investigates how individuals influence and are influenced by others
Industrial-Organizational Psychology
- Applies psychological principles to workplace issues

Behavior: Observable actions of individuals
Mental Processes: Internal experiences like thoughts and feelings
Nature vs. Nurture: Debate on the influence of genetics vs. environment on behavior
Conscious vs. Unconscious: Exploration of awareness and subconscious influences on behavior

Experimental Method: Control and manipulation of variables to determine cause-and-effect
Correlational Studies: Examine relationships between variables without manipulation
Surveys: Collect data through questionnaires or interviews
Case Studies: In-depth analysis of an individual or group

Psychoanalytic Theory (Freud)
- Emphasizes unconscious motives and conflicts
Behaviorism (Watson, Skinner)
- Focuses on observable behavior and environmental influences
Humanistic Psychology (Maslow, Rogers)
- Stresses personal growth and self-actualization
Cognitive Theory (Piaget, Beck)
- Highlights the role of thought processes in behavior

Anxiety Disorders: Excessive fear or worry
Mood Disorders: Includes depression and bipolar disorder
Personality Disorders: Persistent patterns of behavior and inner experience
Psychotic Disorders: Severe disruptions in thinking and perception (e.g., schizophrenia)

Psychology is a diverse field that encompasses various perspectives and applications aimed at understanding human behavior and mental processes.

Clinical Psychology focuses on diagnosing and treating mental disorders.
Counseling Psychology helps individuals with personal, social, and emotional issues.
Developmental Psychology studies changes in behavior and mental processes throughout life.
Cognitive Psychology examines mental processes like perception, memory, and problem-solving.
Social Psychology investigates how people influence and are influenced by others.
Industrial-Organizational Psychology applies psychological principles to workplace issues.

Behavior refers to observable actions of individuals.
Mental Processes encompass internal experiences like thoughts and feelings.
The nature vs. nurture debate explores the influence of genetics versus environment on behavior.
Conscious vs. unconscious refers to the exploration of awareness and subconscious influences on behavior.

Experimental Method involves controlling and manipulating variables to determine cause-and-effect relationships.
Correlational Studies examine relationships between variables without manipulation.
Surveys collect data through questionnaires or interviews.
Case Studies provide in-depth analysis of an individual or group.

Psychoanalytic Theory (Freud) emphasizes unconscious motives and conflicts.
Behaviorism (Watson, Skinner) focuses on observable behavior and environmental influences.
Humanistic Psychology (Maslow, Rogers) stresses personal growth and self-actualization.
Cognitive Theory (Piaget, Beck) highlights the role of thought processes in behavior.

Psychology is applied in various fields, including mental health treatment, education, workplace settings, and healthcare.

Anxiety Disorders involve excessive fear or worry.
Mood Disorders include depression and bipolar disorder.
Personality Disorders are characterized by persistent patterns of behavior and inner experience.
Psychotic Disorders involve severe disruptions in thinking and perception, such as schizophrenia.