Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is one of the main purposes of case study research in psychology?
What is one of the main purposes of case study research in psychology?
What is an advantage of survey research over other research methods?
What is an advantage of survey research over other research methods?
What is typically done to ensure that survey results are accurate?
What is typically done to ensure that survey results are accurate?
What method is commonly used to select participants for a survey sample?
What method is commonly used to select participants for a survey sample?
Signup and view all the answers
What is typically used to gather information in survey research?
What is typically used to gather information in survey research?
Signup and view all the answers
What is an example of a source of information used in case study research?
What is an example of a source of information used in case study research?
Signup and view all the answers
Why is it important to select a representative sample in survey research?
Why is it important to select a representative sample in survey research?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a characteristic of case study research?
What is a characteristic of case study research?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the purpose of using multiple sources of information in case study research?
What is the purpose of using multiple sources of information in case study research?
Signup and view all the answers
What type of research method is best suited to study the behavior or attitudes of a large group of people?
What type of research method is best suited to study the behavior or attitudes of a large group of people?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Early Psychology
- Functionalists expanded the scope of psychology research to include direct observation of living creatures in natural settings.
- They focused on conscious experiences, but instead of identifying the "fundamental" structures of consciousness, they saw consciousness as an ongoing "stream" of mental activity.
William James and His Students
- William James was a key figure in the development of psychology.
- Two of his notable students were G. Stanley Hall and Mary Whiton Calkins.
- G. Stanley Hall received the first Ph.D in psychology in America in 1878 and founded the first psychology research laboratory in the United States.
- Mary Whiton Calkins completed all the requirements for a Ph.D in psychology in 1890 and became the first woman president of the American Psychological Association.
Twentieth Century Leaders in Psychology
- In the early 1900s, new approaches emerged that challenged the principles of structuralism and functionalism.
- Rogers, Maslow, and Humanistic Psychology emerged as a new school of thought, emphasizing conscious experiences, self-determination, and free will.
Humanistic Psychology
- Humanistic Psychology was founded by Carl Rogers and emphasized the conscious experiences of individuals, including their unique potential for psychological growth and self-direction.
- Abraham Maslow developed a theory of motivation that emphasized psychological growth.
- Humanistic Psychology included both influential theories of personality and a form of psychotherapy.
Four Major Perspectives in Psychology
- Biological Perspective: focuses on the influence of genetics or physical bases on behavior.
- Behavioral Perspective: focuses on environmental influences on behavior.
- Cognitive Perspective: focuses on mental processes.
- Socio-Cultural Perspective: focuses on the influence of culture on behavior.
Methods of Research
- Descriptive Research: observes and describes behavior, does not involve deliberate manipulation of variables.
- Naturalistic Observation: a descriptive method that involves systematically observing and recording behaviors in their natural settings.
- Case Studies: an in-depth investigation of an individual, often used to investigate rare or unusual conditions.
- Survey: a direct way to find out about behavior or attitudes by asking people through questionnaires or interviews.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
Welcome to your first module in psychology! This quiz introduces the fundamental concepts of psychology, covering topics from Karl Michael's works.
