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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the education system in relation to society?
What is the primary function of the education system in relation to society?
- Encourage competition
- Pass on culture and values (correct)
- Develop physical skills
- Promote individualism
The superego operates purely on the instinctual desires of the id.
The superego operates purely on the instinctual desires of the id.
False (B)
Who proposed the concept of psychosexual stages of development?
Who proposed the concept of psychosexual stages of development?
Sigmund Freud
Maslow's hierarchy of needs begins with the physiological needs and progresses to ______.
Maslow's hierarchy of needs begins with the physiological needs and progresses to ______.
Match the following elements of Freud's theory with their definitions:
Match the following elements of Freud's theory with their definitions:
Which philosopher famously stated, 'I think therefore I am'?
Which philosopher famously stated, 'I think therefore I am'?
Structuralism was primarily focused on the function of consciousness rather than its elements.
Structuralism was primarily focused on the function of consciousness rather than its elements.
What did Wilhelm Wundt establish in 1879, marking a significant development in psychology?
What did Wilhelm Wundt establish in 1879, marking a significant development in psychology?
___ proposed three elementary states of consciousness: sensations, images, and affections.
___ proposed three elementary states of consciousness: sensations, images, and affections.
Match the following psychologists with their contributions to psychology:
Match the following psychologists with their contributions to psychology:
What was a central concern of functionalism as proposed by William James?
What was a central concern of functionalism as proposed by William James?
Psychological theories were well-established before the first experimental lab was created.
Psychological theories were well-established before the first experimental lab was created.
What key method did Wundt emphasize for psychological studies?
What key method did Wundt emphasize for psychological studies?
Flashcards
What is Psychology?
What is Psychology?
The scientific study of mind, behaviour, emotions and thought processes.
Plato's Question
Plato's Question
Does perception accurately reflect reality?
Aristotle's Contribution
Aristotle's Contribution
Logic forms the laws of thought.
Descartes' Famous Quote
Descartes' Famous Quote
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Wundt's Lab
Wundt's Lab
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Structuralism's Goal
Structuralism's Goal
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Functionalism's Focus
Functionalism's Focus
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James's Rejection of Structuralism
James's Rejection of Structuralism
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Functionalism & Individual Differences
Functionalism & Individual Differences
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Freud's Unconscious Mind
Freud's Unconscious Mind
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Id, Ego, & Superego
Id, Ego, & Superego
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Erikson's Psychosocial Theory
Erikson's Psychosocial Theory
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Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
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Study Notes
Introduction to Psychology
- Psychology is the scientific study of the mind, behaviour, emotions, and thought processes.
- Early philosophers like Plato and Aristotle pondered the nature of the mind.
- Descartes emphasized the importance of introspection ("I think, therefore I am").
- Wilhelm Wundt established the first psychological laboratory in 1879, using rigorous scientific methods.
Scientific Method in Psychology
- Formulate a hypothesis (prediction).
- Conduct systematic observations, controlling variables.
- Evaluate if observations support predictions.
Schools of Thought
Structuralism (Wundt, Titchener)
- Analyzed the basic elements of mental experiences (sensations, images, feelings).
- Used introspection (reporting on subjective experiences) to understand complex experiences.
- Focus was on the components of conscious thought.
Functionalism (James)
- Stressed the purpose and function of consciousness and behavior.
- Influenced by Darwin's evolutionary theory.
- Emphasized adaptation and survival.
- Examined individual differences.
Psychoanalytic (Freud)
- Focused on unconscious factors influencing thoughts, feelings, and actions (Freudian slips).
- Emphasized childhood experiences and unconscious drives.
- Explored the concepts of conscious, preconscious, and unconscious levels of mind, and the interplay of the Id, Ego, and Superego.
- Proposed five psychosexual stages of development.
Erikson's Psychosocial Theory
- Highlights the role of both the individual and society in development.
- Suggests that development continues throughout the lifespan.
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
- (Not mentioned in detail, but implied)
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Description
Test your knowledge on the foundational principles of psychology, including major schools of thought and the scientific method used in psychological research. Explore early philosophical contributions and the establishment of psychology as a formal discipline.
