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Questions and Answers
What is the goal of Psychology when studying behaviors?
What is the goal of Psychology when studying behaviors?
Who is known as the 'father of psychology' and why?
Who is known as the 'father of psychology' and why?
William James. He taught the first psychology class in 1875 and wrote the first textbook in 1890, focusing on the ongoing conscious experience and functions of mental processes.
The Behavioural Approach in psychology believes that behavior is primarily influenced by the unconscious mind.
The Behavioural Approach in psychology believes that behavior is primarily influenced by the unconscious mind.
False
Sigmund Freud used ________ and dream analysis to study behavior.
Sigmund Freud used ________ and dream analysis to study behavior.
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Match the Psychological Approaches with their descriptions:
Match the Psychological Approaches with their descriptions:
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Study Notes
Introduction to Psychology
- Course: QBV00104, Lecturer: Madam Sarah Zainal
- Objective: Introduce the broad field of psychology, understand human development and behavior, and provide new ways of thinking on thoughts, feelings, and actions.
What is Psychology?
- Systematic and scientific study of behavior and mental processes
- Tested through scientific research
- Derived from Greek words: Psyche (mind) and Logos (knowledge or study)
- Study of overt and covert behavior
- Overt behaviors: observable behavior (e.g., laughing, walking, eating, gestures, facial expression)
- Covert behaviors: private mental processes (e.g., perceiving, remembering, reasoning, thinking, creating, feelings)
Goals of Psychology
- Describe: What is the nature of the behavior?
- Explain: Why does it occur?
- Predict: By studying past behaviors, future behaviors can be predicted
- Control: What factors influence the behavior?
History of Psychology
- Structuralism: Study of the most basic elements of conscious mental experiences (founded by Wilhelm Wundt)
- Functionalism: Study of how people adapt to their environment (founded by William James)
- Gestalt Approach: Study of how sensations are assembled into meaningful perceptual experiences
Approaches to Psychology
- Biological Approach: Focuses on how the body and brain enable emotions, memories, and sensory experiences
- Behavioral Approach: Study of how people learn or change behavior based on responses to events in their environment (e.g., B.F. Skinner's operant conditioning)
- Psychodynamic Approach: Emphasizes the role of unconscious mental forces and conflicts in determining behavior (e.g., Sigmund Freud's free association and dream analysis)
- Humanistic Approach: Believes in the freedom of individuals to direct their future and achieve personal growth (influenced by Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow)
- Cognitive Approach: Study of cognition, including knowledge acquisition, memory, perception, and attention
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Description
Explore the field of psychology, its various approaches, and how they contribute to understanding human development and behavior. Learn new ways of thinking about thoughts, feelings, and actions.
