Introduction to Politics

Political theory is concerned with the nature of politics, justice, and morality. It examines the fundamental principles and values that underlie political systems, including the concept of justice, which is a critical aspect of political theory.

Scarcity refers to the fundamental economic problem of unlimited wants and needs vs. limited resources. This concept implies that individuals must make choices between competing alternatives, and that the opportunity cost of a choice is the value of the next best alternative forgone.

A market economy relies on the price mechanism to allocate resources, whereas a command economy relies on government planning and direction. In a market economy, resources are allocated based on supply and demand, whereas in a command economy, resources are allocated based on the government's priorities.

<p>Political institutions refer to the structures and organizations that make up the political system, such as government, parliament, and bureaucracy. These institutions play a critical role in shaping the exercise of power and authority in a society.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>International relations focuses on the interactions between nations, international organizations, and NGOs. This field of study is concerned with understanding the complex dynamics of global politics, including issues of war, peace, and cooperation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The concept of supply and demand refers to the price mechanism that allocates resources in a market economy. The law of supply and demand states that the price of a good or service will adjust to equilibrium where the quantity supplied equals the quantity demanded.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Human rights protect individuals from abuse and exploitation, and promote dignity and respect for all individuals. This contributes to the promotion of dignity and respect by ensuring equal opportunities and access to resources.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Preamble outlines the objectives of the constitution, including justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity. It provides a framework for the interpretation of the constitution and guides the implementation of its provisions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The key features of local government in India include rural local government (Panchayati Raj Institutions) and urban local government (Municipalities and Municipal Corporations). They contribute to the provision of services and facilities by providing basic services like healthcare, education, and sanitation, and infrastructure development and maintenance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The federative system in India promotes regional autonomy and decentralization by dividing powers between the central government and state governments, and providing independence to the judiciary and the legislature. This system ensures unity and diversity in the country.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The key advantages of the federative system in India include promoting regional autonomy and decentralization, encouraging cooperation and coordination between the center and states, and ensuring unity and diversity in the country. These advantages contribute to the promotion of unity and diversity by providing a framework for the distribution of powers and responsibilities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Directive Principles of State Policy guide the implementation of the constitution's provisions by providing a framework for the development of the country and the welfare of its citizens. They outline the social and economic objectives of the state, and provide a basis for the formulation of policies and laws.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The primary characteristic is that sovereignty lies with the people, either directly or through elected representatives, which ensures accountability of the government to the people.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Human rights are based on the inherent dignity and worth of every human being, regardless of nationality, race, gender, or religion, and they encompass both civil and political rights as well as economic, social, and cultural rights.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Free and fair elections ensure that the government is accountable to the people and that individual rights and freedoms are protected, as they provide citizens with the opportunity to choose their representatives and hold them accountable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Direct democracy involves citizens making decisions directly, while indirect democracy involves citizens electing representatives to make decisions on their behalf, both of which enable citizens to participate in the decision-making process.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Economic, social, and cultural rights contribute to the overall well-being of individuals and society by ensuring access to basic necessities like education, healthcare, and social security, which are essential for human dignity and development, and are significant in a democratic system as they promote equality and social justice.</p> Signup and view all the answers