Introduction to Physics
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of physics?

  • Exploring biological organisms
  • Studying the chemical reactions of substances
  • Understanding the behavior of the universe (correct)
  • Analyzing historical events

Which of the following best describes kinematics?

  • The study of heat transfer
  • The study of objects at rest
  • The study of forces causing motion
  • The study of motion without considering its causes (correct)

What does thermodynamics primarily deal with?

  • Electric charges and magnetic fields
  • Motion and forces
  • Heat, work, and energy (correct)
  • Light and optics

Which of Newton's Laws states that force equals mass times acceleration?

<p>Second Law (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is energy transferred to or from an object by a force causing displacement best described as?

<p>Work (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the branch of physics called 'optics' primarily study?

<p>The behavior and properties of light (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of energy is defined as the energy of motion?

<p>Kinetic energy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'acceleration' defined as?

<p>The rate of change of velocity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of power in physics?

<p>The rate at which work is done. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is momentum defined as?

<p>Mass times velocity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the conservation of momentum state?

<p>The total momentum of a closed system remains constant. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is torque the rotational equivalent of?

<p>Force (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the resistance of an object to changes in its rotational motion?

<p>Moment of inertia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which law describes the gravitational force between two masses?

<p>Newton's law of universal gravitation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of motion is exhibited by a mass on a spring?

<p>Simple harmonic motion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which law states that if two systems are each in thermal equilibrium with a third, they are also in thermal equilibrium with each other?

<p>Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the ideal gas law, what does P represent?

<p>Pressure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of charge is studied in electrostatics?

<p>Stationary electric charges (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does capacitance measure?

<p>The ability of a system to store electric charge. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which law describes the force between two point charges?

<p>Coulomb's Law (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What phenomenon occurs when light bends as it passes from one medium to another?

<p>Refraction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What principle states that the position and momentum of a particle cannot both be known exactly?

<p>Uncertainty Principle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of splitting a heavy nucleus into lighter nuclei called?

<p>Nuclear fission (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is Physics?

Study of matter, energy, space, and time. Aims to understand how the universe behaves.

What is Kinematics?

Describes motion using displacement, velocity, and acceleration without considering forces.

What is Dynamics?

Studies the relationship between forces and motion, examining the 'why' behind movement.

What is Displacement?

The change in an object's position, considering direction.

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What is Velocity?

The rate of change of displacement; speed with a direction.

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What is Acceleration?

The rate of change of velocity; how quickly velocity changes.

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What is Work?

Energy transferred by a force causing displacement.

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What is Energy?

The capacity to do work.

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Power

Rate at which work is done or energy is transferred.

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Momentum

Product of mass and velocity.

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Impulse

Change in momentum due to force applied over time.

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Conservation of Momentum

Total momentum in a closed system remains constant.

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Gravitation

The attractive force between objects with mass.

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Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation

Describes the force between two masses.

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Gravitational Potential Energy

Energy due to position in a gravitational field.

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Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics

If two systems are each in thermal equilibrium with a third, they are also in thermal equilibrium with each other.

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First Law of Thermodynamics

Change in internal energy equals heat added minus work done.

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Second Law of Thermodynamics

Total entropy of an isolated system can only increase.

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Conduction

Heat transfer through direct contact.

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Coulomb's Law

Force between two point charges.

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Electromagnetic Induction

Production of EMF across a conductor in a changing magnetic field.

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Wave Nature of Light

Light exhibits wave-like properties.

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Refraction

Bending of light as it passes from one medium to another.

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Study Notes

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Description

Physics is a natural science that studies matter, motion, energy, and force. It aims to understand the behavior of the universe. Key concepts include mechanics, thermodynamics, electromagnetism and optics.

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