BRANCHES OF LINGUISTICS
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First component of linguistics and formed from greek word "phonema" (sounds)

Phonology

Study of structure or cognitive aspects of speech in language on the basis of speech units and also on pronunciation

Phonology

Patterns of sound

Phonology

2 Branches of Phonology

<p>Phonetics and Phonemics</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sound Production/Articulation

<p>Phonetics</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sound Distribution and Function

<p>Phonemics</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study the speech and non-speech sounds and even sounds of spoken language

<p>Phonetics</p> Signup and view all the answers

3 Branches of Phonetics

<p>Articulatory, Auditory and Acoustic</p> Signup and view all the answers

Focuses on speaker or how speaker produce the sound

<p>Articulatory</p> Signup and view all the answers

How receiver perceive the sound

<p>Auditory</p> Signup and view all the answers

How the sound transferred and the physical properties

<p>Acoustic</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study of speeches of sounds on the basis pf their physical aspects

<p>Phonetics</p> Signup and view all the answers

Frequencies os measured by

<p>Hertz</p> Signup and view all the answers

1 hertz is equal to what

<p>1 cycle per second</p> Signup and view all the answers

The highness or lowness of sound

<p>Pitch</p> Signup and view all the answers

Loudness/Softness of sound and is measured in decibels

<p>Amplitude</p> Signup and view all the answers

Whisper in dB

<p>30 dB</p> Signup and view all the answers

Normal tone in dB

<p>60 dB</p> Signup and view all the answers

noisy in dB

<p>90 dB</p> Signup and view all the answers

Smallest unit of sound within oral words

<p>Phoneme</p> Signup and view all the answers

phonic

<p>Phonetics</p> Signup and view all the answers

The one who study sounds

<p>Phonetician</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study of structure/form of words in a specific language and also their classification

<p>Morphology</p> Signup and view all the answers

Morph =

<p>Form</p> Signup and view all the answers

Smallest meaningful part of the word

<p>Morpheme</p> Signup and view all the answers

Arrangement and order of words and also has a relations between hierarchial units

<p>Syntax</p> Signup and view all the answers

Putting together/arrangement/sequence

<p>Syntaxis</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study of the meaning conveyed in the words

<p>Semantics</p> Signup and view all the answers

Greek word of significant

<p>Semantikos</p> Signup and view all the answers

It is a verb word that refers to (to show/to signify)

<p>Semainen</p> Signup and view all the answers

Word meaning, relationships, sentence meaning and ambiguity

<p>Semantics</p> Signup and view all the answers

Word structure, formation, categories and properties

<p>Lexicology</p> Signup and view all the answers

Act/deed/manner/thing

<p>Pragma</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study of the functions in a language and it's context to use, linguistics, forms and users of this forms

<p>Pragmatics</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Phonology

  • First component of linguistics, derived from the Greek word "phonema," meaning sounds.
  • Explores the structure and cognitive aspects of speech based on speech units and pronunciation patterns.
  • Two main branches:
    • Sound Production/Articulation: Examines how speech sounds are produced.
    • Sound Distribution and Function: Analyzes how sounds are distributed and their roles in language.

Phonetics

  • Studies both speech and non-speech sounds, focusing on sounds in spoken language.
  • Three major branches include:
    • Articulatory Phonetics: Investigates how speakers produce sounds.
    • Auditory Phonetics: Focuses on how receivers perceive sounds.
    • Acoustic Phonetics: Studies the physical properties of sounds.
  • Frequency of sound is measured in Hertz; 1 Hertz equals one cycle per second.

Sound Characteristics

  • Sound qualities include pitch (highness or lowness) and loudness (measured in decibels).
  • Common sound levels:
    • Whisper: around 20 dB
    • Normal tone: typically 60 dB
    • Noisy environments: above 85 dB.

Basic Concepts

  • Phoneme: Smallest unit of sound in oral words.
  • Phonologist: A specialist who studies sounds and their functions in language.

Morphology

  • Studies the structure and classification of words in a specific language.
  • Morpheme: The smallest meaningful part of a word.
  • Involves understanding the arrangement and order of words, reflecting hierarchical relationships.

Semantics

  • Examines the meaning conveyed by words.
  • Originates from the Greek word for "significant," and involves word meanings, relationships, sentence meanings, and ambiguity.
  • Analyzes word structure, formation, categories, and properties.

Syntax

  • Studies the functions of language and the context of language use.
  • Investigates the arrangements and sequences of words in sentences, focusing on linguistic forms and their users.

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