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First component of linguistics and formed from greek word "phonema" (sounds)
Phonology
Study of structure or cognitive aspects of speech in language on the basis of speech units and also on pronunciation
Phonology
Patterns of sound
Phonology
2 Branches of Phonology
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Sound Production/Articulation
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Sound Distribution and Function
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Study the speech and non-speech sounds and even sounds of spoken language
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3 Branches of Phonetics
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Focuses on speaker or how speaker produce the sound
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How receiver perceive the sound
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How the sound transferred and the physical properties
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Study of speeches of sounds on the basis pf their physical aspects
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Frequencies os measured by
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1 hertz is equal to what
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The highness or lowness of sound
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Loudness/Softness of sound and is measured in decibels
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Whisper in dB
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Normal tone in dB
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noisy in dB
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Smallest unit of sound within oral words
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phonic
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The one who study sounds
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Study of structure/form of words in a specific language and also their classification
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Morph =
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Smallest meaningful part of the word
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Arrangement and order of words and also has a relations between hierarchial units
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Putting together/arrangement/sequence
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Study of the meaning conveyed in the words
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Greek word of significant
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It is a verb word that refers to (to show/to signify)
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Word meaning, relationships, sentence meaning and ambiguity
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Word structure, formation, categories and properties
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Act/deed/manner/thing
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Study of the functions in a language and it's context to use, linguistics, forms and users of this forms
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Study Notes
Phonology
- First component of linguistics, derived from the Greek word "phonema," meaning sounds.
- Explores the structure and cognitive aspects of speech based on speech units and pronunciation patterns.
- Two main branches:
- Sound Production/Articulation: Examines how speech sounds are produced.
- Sound Distribution and Function: Analyzes how sounds are distributed and their roles in language.
Phonetics
- Studies both speech and non-speech sounds, focusing on sounds in spoken language.
- Three major branches include:
- Articulatory Phonetics: Investigates how speakers produce sounds.
- Auditory Phonetics: Focuses on how receivers perceive sounds.
- Acoustic Phonetics: Studies the physical properties of sounds.
- Frequency of sound is measured in Hertz; 1 Hertz equals one cycle per second.
Sound Characteristics
- Sound qualities include pitch (highness or lowness) and loudness (measured in decibels).
- Common sound levels:
- Whisper: around 20 dB
- Normal tone: typically 60 dB
- Noisy environments: above 85 dB.
Basic Concepts
- Phoneme: Smallest unit of sound in oral words.
- Phonologist: A specialist who studies sounds and their functions in language.
Morphology
- Studies the structure and classification of words in a specific language.
- Morpheme: The smallest meaningful part of a word.
- Involves understanding the arrangement and order of words, reflecting hierarchical relationships.
Semantics
- Examines the meaning conveyed by words.
- Originates from the Greek word for "significant," and involves word meanings, relationships, sentence meanings, and ambiguity.
- Analyzes word structure, formation, categories, and properties.
Syntax
- Studies the functions of language and the context of language use.
- Investigates the arrangements and sequences of words in sentences, focusing on linguistic forms and their users.
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