Questions and Answers
This body of knowledge comes from two Greek words 'philo' and 'sophia' which means love of wisdom.
This philosopher thought that of all people, a philosopher should be king.
This is the branch of philosophy that studies the physical universe and the nature of ultimate reality.
This is the branch of philosophy that differentiates between valid and confusing ideas.
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He was the first to call himself a philosopher, from the Greek word philosophos, or lover of wisdom.
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What does the term 'philosophy' mean?
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What is the main focus of Socrates' philosophical method?
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What did Plato believe about philosophers?
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What is the highest good according to Aristotle?
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Which branch of philosophy studies the principles and values?
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Which branch of philosophy considers how people come to learn what they know?
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Study Notes
Objectives
- Distinguish between holistic and partial perspectives.
- Understand the importance of philosophy for a broad view on life.
- Engage in philosophical reflection using a holistic approach.
Meaning and Nature of Philosophy
- Derived from Greek words: "philo" (love) and "sophia" (wisdom).
- Represents a strong desire for knowledge and correct application.
- Philosophizing emerges from humanity's quest for answers to fundamental questions like existence, suffering, and life's purpose.
- Philosophy employs reason to express thoughts, pose questions, and analyze experiences.
Big Names in Philosophy
Socrates
- First major Greek philosopher known for the "Socratic Method," focusing on inquiry through questions and answers.
- Concentrated on moral values and the nature of society.
- Did not write extensively; his ideas were recorded by his student, Plato.
Plato
- Communicated his philosophy through dialogues, notably in "The Republic."
- Advocated for the ideal that philosophers should govern.
- Emphasized a life of simplicity over luxury.
- Founded the Academy; Aristotle was one of his notable students.
Aristotle
- A student of Plato, sometimes diverged from his ideas.
- Focused on the practical application of philosophy, especially in science.
- Established his own school, the Lyceum.
- Valued reason as the highest good and stressed the importance of self-control.
Branches of Philosophy
Metaphysics
- Examines the physical universe and ultimate reality.
- Questions addressed include the nature of reality and the world's origin.
Logic
- Differentiates between valid arguments and fallacies.
- Focuses on distinguishing good reasoning from poor reasoning.
Axiology
- Investigates principles of values, including ethics and aesthetics.
- Key inquiries: What constitutes goodness and beauty?
Epistemology
- Explores the nature and origins of knowledge.
- Questions considered include the essence of knowledge and its sources.
Philosophical Reflection
- Encourages introspection regarding past experiences when making significant decisions.
- Engaging with philosophy entails contemplation and analysis of individual actions and thoughts.
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Description
This quiz covers Lesson 1 on the philosophy of the human person, focusing on distinguishing holistic perspectives from partial viewpoints. It encourages a deeper understanding of the value of philosophy in obtaining a broader perspective on life. Additionally, students are invited to reflect philosophically on concrete situations.
