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Questions and Answers
What concept is associated with Rene Descartes' philosophy?
What concept is associated with Rene Descartes' philosophy?
Who is considered the father of liberalism?
Who is considered the father of liberalism?
The part of the soul driven by desire and need to satisfy oneself according to Plato is called:
The part of the soul driven by desire and need to satisfy oneself according to Plato is called:
Which philosopher developed the concept of the church being the city of God?
Which philosopher developed the concept of the church being the city of God?
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What does 'Tabula Rasa' mean?
What does 'Tabula Rasa' mean?
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What does the term 'Philosophy' literally mean?
What does the term 'Philosophy' literally mean?
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What did Socrates emphasize as a virtue?
What did Socrates emphasize as a virtue?
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How did Socrates' illustrious students contribute to the knowledge of Socrates?
How did Socrates' illustrious students contribute to the knowledge of Socrates?
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What fundamental questions did Socrates believe humans must define?
What fundamental questions did Socrates believe humans must define?
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Why is possessing self-knowledge important?
Why is possessing self-knowledge important?
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Study Notes
Philosophy
- Derived from Greek words "Philos" (love) and "Sophia" (wisdom), meaning "Love of Wisdom"
- Study of acquiring knowledge through rational thinking and inquiries about human existence
Socrates
- Greek philosopher with the phrase "Gnothi Seuton" meaning "Know Thyself"
- Considered the first martyr of education, knowledge, and philosophy
- Believed possession of knowledge is a virtue, and ignorance is a vice
- Fought against ignorance and bigotry, emphasizing the importance of humility in acquiring knowledge
- His work was not published, but known through his students' accounts, including Plato
Socratic Method
- A method of questioning oneself, assuming both teacher and student roles
- Encourages self-reflection and introspection to define oneself and understand one's purpose
Plato
- Greek philosopher and student of Socrates
- Author of The Republic, discussing justice, balance, and equality
- Founder of the "academe", precursor to modern academic institutions
- Believed humans have a soul, comprised of three parts:
- Appetitive Soul: driven by desire and need
- Spirited Soul: courageous and noble
- Rational Soul: driver of our lives and source of wisdom
- Followers of truth and wisdom will not be tempted by vices and will always be just
St. Augustine
- Philosopher from Numidia, Roman Province of Africa
- Believed God encompasses us all, and that living with God brings happiness
- Developed the concept of the church being the city of God
- Philosophy posits that love of knowledge brings happiness, and that knowledge alone can bring true happiness
Rene Descartes
- French philosopher with the famous phrase "Cogito Ergo Sum" meaning "I think therefore I am"
- Emphasized the importance of focusing on the mind and doubting perceptions to achieve better understanding of oneself
- Humans are self-aware, conscious, and create their own reality, making them the masters of their own universe
- Filipino concept of "diskarte" (finding a way or making things possible) is derived from Descartes' surname
John Locke
- English philosopher considered the father of liberalism
- Introduced the concept of "Tabula Rasa" or "Blank Slate"
- Believed humans are born with no knowledge and that experiences and observations shape their understanding of the world
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Description
Explore the origins of Philosophy from its Greek roots and the teachings of Socrates, known for his 'Know Thyself' motto. Delve into the pursuit of wisdom, knowledge acquisition through rational thinking, and the importance of self-awareness and knowledge.
