Socrates Introduction: Explore the Life and Philosophy

Introduction to Philosophy and Socrates

Explore the origins of Philosophy from its Greek roots and the teachings of Socrates, known for his 'Know Thyself' motto. Delve into the pursuit of wisdom, knowledge acquisition through rational thinking, and the importance of self-awareness and knowledge.

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Questions and Answers

What concept is associated with Rene Descartes' philosophy?

Cogito Ergo Sum

Who is considered the father of liberalism?

John Locke

The part of the soul driven by desire and need to satisfy oneself according to Plato is called:

Appetitive Soul

Which philosopher developed the concept of the church being the city of God?

St. Augustine Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Tabula Rasa' mean?

Blank Slate Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Philosophy' literally mean?

Love of Wisdom Signup and view all the answers

What did Socrates emphasize as a virtue?

Possession of knowledge Signup and view all the answers

How did Socrates' illustrious students contribute to the knowledge of Socrates?

Spoke generously about his knowledge Signup and view all the answers

What fundamental questions did Socrates believe humans must define?

Who am I? What is the purpose of my life? Signup and view all the answers

Why is possessing self-knowledge important?

To eliminate basic issues in life Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Philosophy

Derived from Greek words "Philos" (love) and "Sophia" (wisdom), meaning "Love of Wisdom"
Study of acquiring knowledge through rational thinking and inquiries about human existence

Socrates

Greek philosopher with the phrase "Gnothi Seuton" meaning "Know Thyself"
Considered the first martyr of education, knowledge, and philosophy
Believed possession of knowledge is a virtue, and ignorance is a vice
Fought against ignorance and bigotry, emphasizing the importance of humility in acquiring knowledge
His work was not published, but known through his students' accounts, including Plato

Socratic Method

A method of questioning oneself, assuming both teacher and student roles
Encourages self-reflection and introspection to define oneself and understand one's purpose

Plato

Greek philosopher and student of Socrates
Author of The Republic, discussing justice, balance, and equality
Founder of the "academe", precursor to modern academic institutions
Believed humans have a soul, comprised of three parts:
- Appetitive Soul: driven by desire and need
- Spirited Soul: courageous and noble
- Rational Soul: driver of our lives and source of wisdom
Followers of truth and wisdom will not be tempted by vices and will always be just

St. Augustine

Philosopher from Numidia, Roman Province of Africa
Believed God encompasses us all, and that living with God brings happiness
Developed the concept of the church being the city of God
Philosophy posits that love of knowledge brings happiness, and that knowledge alone can bring true happiness

Rene Descartes

French philosopher with the famous phrase "Cogito Ergo Sum" meaning "I think therefore I am"
Emphasized the importance of focusing on the mind and doubting perceptions to achieve better understanding of oneself
Humans are self-aware, conscious, and create their own reality, making them the masters of their own universe
Filipino concept of "diskarte" (finding a way or making things possible) is derived from Descartes' surname

John Locke

English philosopher considered the father of liberalism
Introduced the concept of "Tabula Rasa" or "Blank Slate"
Believed humans are born with no knowledge and that experiences and observations shape their understanding of the world