Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the main focus of periodontics?
What is the main focus of periodontics?
Periodontics is the dental specialty focusing exclusively on the inflammatory disease that destroys the gums and other supporting structures around the teeth.
What is another name for periodontics?
What is another name for periodontics?
Periodontology
What are the supporting tissues around teeth known as?
What are the supporting tissues around teeth known as?
Periodontium
Which of the following is NOT a part of the periodontium?
Which of the following is NOT a part of the periodontium?
Signup and view all the answers
Normal gingiva can vary in color from light coral pink to heavily pigmented.
Normal gingiva can vary in color from light coral pink to heavily pigmented.
Signup and view all the answers
Which of these is NOT a categorized group of gingiva?
Which of these is NOT a categorized group of gingiva?
Signup and view all the answers
The tissues that sit above the alveolar bone crest are considered the free gingiva.
The tissues that sit above the alveolar bone crest are considered the free gingiva.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the typical depth of a healthy gingival sulcus?
What is the typical depth of a healthy gingival sulcus?
Signup and view all the answers
What structure forms a collar-like band at the base of the gingival sulcus?
What structure forms a collar-like band at the base of the gingival sulcus?
Signup and view all the answers
What helps bind the attached gingiva to the underlying periodontium?
What helps bind the attached gingiva to the underlying periodontium?
Signup and view all the answers
Where does the attached gingiva lie?
Where does the attached gingiva lie?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of the interdental gingiva?
What is the primary function of the interdental gingiva?
Signup and view all the answers
The central point between the interdental papillae is called the col, and it is always present regardless of gingival health.
The central point between the interdental papillae is called the col, and it is always present regardless of gingival health.
Signup and view all the answers
The alveolar mucosa is a keratinized tissue that covers the inner lining of the cheeks and lips.
The alveolar mucosa is a keratinized tissue that covers the inner lining of the cheeks and lips.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the function of the periodontal ligament?
What is the function of the periodontal ligament?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary component of the periodontal ligament?
What is the primary component of the periodontal ligament?
Signup and view all the answers
The periodontal ligament contains blood vessels and nerves to nourish the tooth and provide sensation.
The periodontal ligament contains blood vessels and nerves to nourish the tooth and provide sensation.
Signup and view all the answers
Alveolar bone surrounds the teeth and forms the bony sockets that support each tooth.
Alveolar bone surrounds the teeth and forms the bony sockets that support each tooth.
Signup and view all the answers
What type of bone comprises the buccal and lingual plates of the alveolar bone?
What type of bone comprises the buccal and lingual plates of the alveolar bone?
Signup and view all the answers
What type of bone is found within the cortical plates and dental sockets?
What type of bone is found within the cortical plates and dental sockets?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the outer layer of the tooth root called?
What is the outer layer of the tooth root called?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the function of the cementum?
What is the function of the cementum?
Signup and view all the answers
Cementum is harder than enamel or dentin.
Cementum is harder than enamel or dentin.
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is NOT a periodontal pathology?
Which of the following is NOT a periodontal pathology?
Signup and view all the answers
Gingivitis is the least devastating form of periodontal disease, as it only affects the gingiva and does not cause irreversible damage to the periodontium.
Gingivitis is the least devastating form of periodontal disease, as it only affects the gingiva and does not cause irreversible damage to the periodontium.
Signup and view all the answers
Gingivitis is typically characterized by pain and severe bleeding.
Gingivitis is typically characterized by pain and severe bleeding.
Signup and view all the answers
Untreated gingivitis can progress to periodontitis and other more serious conditions.
Untreated gingivitis can progress to periodontitis and other more serious conditions.
Signup and view all the answers
Plaque is an invisible layer of film made up of millions of bacteria and proteins from saliva.
Plaque is an invisible layer of film made up of millions of bacteria and proteins from saliva.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the main cause of gingivitis?
What is the main cause of gingivitis?
Signup and view all the answers
What is NOT a risk factor that can increase a person's risk of gingivitis?
What is NOT a risk factor that can increase a person's risk of gingivitis?
Signup and view all the answers
Periodontal diseases are primarily caused by a combination of bacterial plaque biofilm accumulation, host immune-inflammatory mechanisms, and other risk factors.
Periodontal diseases are primarily caused by a combination of bacterial plaque biofilm accumulation, host immune-inflammatory mechanisms, and other risk factors.
Signup and view all the answers
Untreated periodontal disease can lead to alveolar bone loss and tooth loss.
Untreated periodontal disease can lead to alveolar bone loss and tooth loss.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the second most common cause of tooth loss after dental caries?
What is the second most common cause of tooth loss after dental caries?
Signup and view all the answers
Healthy gingiva is characterized by being stippled, pale or coral pink, and free of bleeding on gentle probing.
Healthy gingiva is characterized by being stippled, pale or coral pink, and free of bleeding on gentle probing.
Signup and view all the answers
The gingival margin in a healthy periodontium is located at the cemento-enamel junction without any signs of pathology.
The gingival margin in a healthy periodontium is located at the cemento-enamel junction without any signs of pathology.
Signup and view all the answers
A gingival pocket between the tooth and the gingiva is considered healthy if it is no deeper than 1-3 mm.
A gingival pocket between the tooth and the gingiva is considered healthy if it is no deeper than 1-3 mm.
Signup and view all the answers
Dental plaque, if not adequately removed, can create an imbalance between host and bacterial factors, leading to periodontal disease.
Dental plaque, if not adequately removed, can create an imbalance between host and bacterial factors, leading to periodontal disease.
Signup and view all the answers
Uncontrolled diabetes is a systemic factor that can contribute to periodontal disease.
Uncontrolled diabetes is a systemic factor that can contribute to periodontal disease.
Signup and view all the answers
The Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) is used to diagnose periodontal disease and classify its severity.
The Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) is used to diagnose periodontal disease and classify its severity.
Signup and view all the answers
A full periodontal analysis typically involves probing and taking measurements of pocket depths, clinical attachment loss, and recession.
A full periodontal analysis typically involves probing and taking measurements of pocket depths, clinical attachment loss, and recession.
Signup and view all the answers
Radiographs are not typically used in periodontal diagnosis.
Radiographs are not typically used in periodontal diagnosis.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the main goal of the initial phase of periodontal treatment?
What is the main goal of the initial phase of periodontal treatment?
Signup and view all the answers
The non-surgical phase of periodontal treatment is considered the golden standard for both surgical and non-surgical treatment in the initial therapy.
The non-surgical phase of periodontal treatment is considered the golden standard for both surgical and non-surgical treatment in the initial therapy.
Signup and view all the answers
What is NOT a component of Phase I Therapy (Initial Therapy - Disease Control Phase)?
What is NOT a component of Phase I Therapy (Initial Therapy - Disease Control Phase)?
Signup and view all the answers
The re-evaluation phase after initial therapy typically occurs 3-6 weeks after the initial phase.
The re-evaluation phase after initial therapy typically occurs 3-6 weeks after the initial phase.
Signup and view all the answers
Phase II Therapy (Surgical Phase) is required in all periodontal treatment cases.
Phase II Therapy (Surgical Phase) is required in all periodontal treatment cases.
Signup and view all the answers
Which of these is NOT a factor that typically necessitates Phase II Therapy (Surgical Phase)?
Which of these is NOT a factor that typically necessitates Phase II Therapy (Surgical Phase)?
Signup and view all the answers
Phase III Therapy (Restorative Phase) involves restoring any defects with removable or fixed prostheses, prosthodontics, or other restorations.
Phase III Therapy (Restorative Phase) involves restoring any defects with removable or fixed prostheses, prosthodontics, or other restorations.
Signup and view all the answers
The maintenance phase of periodontal therapy involves regular visits to the dentist for cleaning and to ensure long-term success of the treatment.
The maintenance phase of periodontal therapy involves regular visits to the dentist for cleaning and to ensure long-term success of the treatment.
Signup and view all the answers
The prognosis of restorative treatment is entirely independent of the patient's periodontal health.
The prognosis of restorative treatment is entirely independent of the patient's periodontal health.
Signup and view all the answers
A firm gingival margin and absence of bleeding during restorative manipulation are essential goals for periodontal health.
A firm gingival margin and absence of bleeding during restorative manipulation are essential goals for periodontal health.
Signup and view all the answers
Increasing the length of teeth is typically not considered a priority in periodontal treatment.
Increasing the length of teeth is typically not considered a priority in periodontal treatment.
Signup and view all the answers
The resolution of gingival inflammation can sometimes lead to repositioning of teeth or soft tissue changes.
The resolution of gingival inflammation can sometimes lead to repositioning of teeth or soft tissue changes.
Signup and view all the answers
Non-surgical therapy is considered the golden standard of periodontal therapy.
Non-surgical therapy is considered the golden standard of periodontal therapy.
Signup and view all the answers
The main focus of debridement is to shift the microbial flora to a favorable environment to stabilize periodontal disease.
The main focus of debridement is to shift the microbial flora to a favorable environment to stabilize periodontal disease.
Signup and view all the answers
The golden standard for both surgical and non-surgical treatment in the initial therapy is debridement.
The golden standard for both surgical and non-surgical treatment in the initial therapy is debridement.
Signup and view all the answers
Patient motivation and oral hygiene instructions are essential components of non-surgical therapy.
Patient motivation and oral hygiene instructions are essential components of non-surgical therapy.
Signup and view all the answers
Maintaining effective dental plaque removal requires the patient to be motivated and make behavior changes in terms of brushing, interdental cleaning, and other oral hygiene techniques.
Maintaining effective dental plaque removal requires the patient to be motivated and make behavior changes in terms of brushing, interdental cleaning, and other oral hygiene techniques.
Signup and view all the answers
Personal oral hygiene is not a crucial factor in controlling chronic periodontitis.
Personal oral hygiene is not a crucial factor in controlling chronic periodontitis.
Signup and view all the answers
What is NOT a vital aspect to focus on when motivating patients for behavior change regarding oral hygiene?
What is NOT a vital aspect to focus on when motivating patients for behavior change regarding oral hygiene?
Signup and view all the answers
Motivational interviewing is a technique that uses open-ended questions and empathy to encourage patients to make changes.
Motivational interviewing is a technique that uses open-ended questions and empathy to encourage patients to make changes.
Signup and view all the answers
Maintenance periodontal therapy is essential for achieving long-term results and stabilizing periodontal disease.
Maintenance periodontal therapy is essential for achieving long-term results and stabilizing periodontal disease.
Signup and view all the answers
The maintenance of gingivitis is typically more complex than the maintenance of periodontitis.
The maintenance of gingivitis is typically more complex than the maintenance of periodontitis.
Signup and view all the answers
Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis is a type of periodontal disease that is distinct from other periodontal diseases due to its clinical characteristics.
Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis is a type of periodontal disease that is distinct from other periodontal diseases due to its clinical characteristics.
Signup and view all the answers
Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis patients typically experience severe pain.
Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis patients typically experience severe pain.
Signup and view all the answers
Chlorhexidine mouthwash is commonly recommended for the treatment of necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis.
Chlorhexidine mouthwash is commonly recommended for the treatment of necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis.
Signup and view all the answers
Patients with necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis should be advised to cease smoking.
Patients with necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis should be advised to cease smoking.
Signup and view all the answers
Pain control for necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis is typically achieved with pain relievers like ibuprofen or Panadol.
Pain control for necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis is typically achieved with pain relievers like ibuprofen or Panadol.
Signup and view all the answers
Antibiotics are typically prescribed for patients with necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis, especially those who are immunocompromised.
Antibiotics are typically prescribed for patients with necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis, especially those who are immunocompromised.
Signup and view all the answers
Treatment evaluations for necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis are typically done every 3-6 months until signs and symptoms are resolved, and gingival health and function are restored.
Treatment evaluations for necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis are typically done every 3-6 months until signs and symptoms are resolved, and gingival health and function are restored.
Signup and view all the answers
Chronic periodontitis is characterized by irreversible destruction of the alveolar bone and surrounding structures of the teeth.
Chronic periodontitis is characterized by irreversible destruction of the alveolar bone and surrounding structures of the teeth.
Signup and view all the answers
Chronic periodontitis typically progresses rapidly and causes sudden tooth loss.
Chronic periodontitis typically progresses rapidly and causes sudden tooth loss.
Signup and view all the answers
Local factors, such as a poor diet, lack of oral hygiene, and smoking, can contribute to chronic periodontitis.
Local factors, such as a poor diet, lack of oral hygiene, and smoking, can contribute to chronic periodontitis.
Signup and view all the answers
Chronic periodontitis is characterized by pocket formation and recession of the gingiva.
Chronic periodontitis is characterized by pocket formation and recession of the gingiva.
Signup and view all the answers
Treatment for chronic periodontitis focuses on stopping disease progression and resolving inflammation, typically involving scaling and root planning.
Treatment for chronic periodontitis focuses on stopping disease progression and resolving inflammation, typically involving scaling and root planning.
Signup and view all the answers
Regular maintenance checkups are not essential for patients with chronic periodontitis.
Regular maintenance checkups are not essential for patients with chronic periodontitis.
Signup and view all the answers
Aggressive periodontitis involves rapid and severe destruction of the periodontal ligament, alveolar bone, and supporting structures.
Aggressive periodontitis involves rapid and severe destruction of the periodontal ligament, alveolar bone, and supporting structures.
Signup and view all the answers
Aggressive periodontitis typically occurs in patients with poor oral hygiene and uncontrolled plaque accumulation.
Aggressive periodontitis typically occurs in patients with poor oral hygiene and uncontrolled plaque accumulation.
Signup and view all the answers
Aggressive periodontitis can be linked to genetic factors.
Aggressive periodontitis can be linked to genetic factors.
Signup and view all the answers
Patients with aggressive periodontitis often present with obvious signs of the disease.
Patients with aggressive periodontitis often present with obvious signs of the disease.
Signup and view all the answers
Localized aggressive periodontitis typically has a circumpubertal onset, while generalized aggressive periodontitis usually occurs in individuals above the age of 35.
Localized aggressive periodontitis typically has a circumpubertal onset, while generalized aggressive periodontitis usually occurs in individuals above the age of 35.
Signup and view all the answers
Treatment for aggressive periodontitis involves debridement and antibiotics, but surgical procedures are not typically used.
Treatment for aggressive periodontitis involves debridement and antibiotics, but surgical procedures are not typically used.
Signup and view all the answers
Aggressive periodontitis primarily affects the subgingival tissues (under gums).
Aggressive periodontitis primarily affects the subgingival tissues (under gums).
Signup and view all the answers
Patients with aggressive periodontitis require regular checkups every 3-6 months to prevent reoccurrence and maintain the success of treatment.
Patients with aggressive periodontitis require regular checkups every 3-6 months to prevent reoccurrence and maintain the success of treatment.
Signup and view all the answers
Periodontitis that is caused by systemic disease has been linked to a limited number of systemic illnesses.
Periodontitis that is caused by systemic disease has been linked to a limited number of systemic illnesses.
Signup and view all the answers
Treatment for periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic disease can involve both surgical and non-surgical options depending on the severity of the disease.
Treatment for periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic disease can involve both surgical and non-surgical options depending on the severity of the disease.
Signup and view all the answers
Patient compliance after treatment for periodontitis is not particularly important for long-term success.
Patient compliance after treatment for periodontitis is not particularly important for long-term success.
Signup and view all the answers
Tooth loss, masticatory alterations, tooth migration, aesthetic changes, and abscesses are all potential complications of periodontitis.
Tooth loss, masticatory alterations, tooth migration, aesthetic changes, and abscesses are all potential complications of periodontitis.
Signup and view all the answers
Medications like antimitotic, immunosuppressants, and antiepileptics can have a significant impact on the periodontium.
Medications like antimitotic, immunosuppressants, and antiepileptics can have a significant impact on the periodontium.
Signup and view all the answers
Scaling involves removing the remaining tartar or calculus from the tooth surface, from supragingival to subgingival levels, leaving a smooth surface.
Scaling involves removing the remaining tartar or calculus from the tooth surface, from supragingival to subgingival levels, leaving a smooth surface.
Signup and view all the answers
What is NOT a material typically used in scaling and root planing??
What is NOT a material typically used in scaling and root planing??
Signup and view all the answers
Periodontal surgery aims to eliminate periodontal pockets and any areas that tend to accumulate plaque.
Periodontal surgery aims to eliminate periodontal pockets and any areas that tend to accumulate plaque.
Signup and view all the answers
Periodontal surgery typically involves inflammation tissue removal, gingival thickness reduction, and medication (antibiotics).
Periodontal surgery typically involves inflammation tissue removal, gingival thickness reduction, and medication (antibiotics).
Signup and view all the answers
The maintenance phase of periodontal treatment involves visual, radiographic, and periodontal exploration controls.
The maintenance phase of periodontal treatment involves visual, radiographic, and periodontal exploration controls.
Signup and view all the answers
Maintaining patient motivation is not considered a crucial aspect of the maintenance phase of periodontal treatment.
Maintaining patient motivation is not considered a crucial aspect of the maintenance phase of periodontal treatment.
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Periodontics Introduction
- Periodontics is the dental specialty focused on inflammatory disease affecting gums and supporting tooth structures.
- Periodontology studies supporting tissues (periodontium) including gums (gingiva), alveolar bone, cementum, and periodontal ligament.
- Normal gingiva ranges in color from light coral pink to heavily pigmented.
- Gingiva is categorized anatomically into free, attached, and interdental gingiva.
- The free gingiva sits above the alveolar bone crest.
- The gingival margin marks the cemento-enamel junction.
- The gingival sulcus is a space between free gingiva and tooth.
- Healthy gingival sulcus depth is typically 0.5-3mm.
- The alveolar bone forms the bony socket supporting teeth.
- Alveolar bone consists of compact and cancellous bone.
- Cementum is the outer layer of the tooth root.
- Healthy cementum overlies the dentine and seals dentinal tubules, typically a light yellow color.
- Periodontal ligament is connective tissue joining cementum and alveolar bone.
- Periodontal ligament is composed of collagen fibers, blood vessels and nerves.
Periodontal Pathologies
- Gingival diseases are a form of periodontal disease.
- Gingivitis affects the gingiva, not the periodontal ligament, cementum, or alveolar bone.
- Gingivitis is usually indicated by bleeding, inflammation, and redness of the gums.
- Gingivitis is a reversible condition.
- Plaque buildup on teeth is a primary cause of gingivitis.
- Periodontal diseases encompass several conditions.
- Periodontal diseases lead to loss of attachment and alveolar bone destruction.
- Various factors contribute to periodontitis development, including plaque biofilm, host response, and systemic conditions.
- Chronic periodontitis is characterized by slow progression.
- Aggressive periodontitis develops quickly with severe bone loss.
- Necrotizing periodontal diseases are severe, often characterized by intense pain and rapid destruction.
- Periodontal pathologies can be a consequence of systemic diseases like diabetes.
- Several factors increase the risk of chronic or aggressive periodontitis, including age, socio-economic status, oral hygiene, and diet.
- Systemic factors like uncontrolled diabetes and smoking may increase the risk.
Periodontal Diagnosis
- Periodontal diagnosis involves collecting patient history, performing a physical exam, and using diagnostic aids.
- A thorough oral examination, including visual inspection and periodontal explorations, is part of a thorough assessment.
- Instruments such as the PSR, and CPITN are used to record the severity of periodontal disease.
- Radiographs can be used to assess bone levels and extent or destruction.
- Microbiological studies may be necessary to understand the types of bacteria involved.
- A full periodontal analysis is performed by dental hygienists, oral health therapists, or specialist periodontists to determine the extent of the disease.
Periodontal Treatment
- The goal of periodontal treatment is to control the disease through preventing recurrence, reducing inflammation, and correcting contributing factors.
- Initial therapy (Phase I) focuses on correcting emergencies, antimicrobial therapy, diet control, patient education, and scaling.
- Re-evaluation (Phase II) after initial therapy clarifies any treatment modifications needed.
- Surgical intervention (Phase III) addresses bony irregularities, incomplete removal, and other issues.
- Maintenance (Phase IV) involves regular checkups to maintain periodontal health and prevent reoccurrence.
- Treatment depends on many factors including the patient's health, type of oral disease.
Periodontal Maintenance
- Periodontitis maintenance involves ongoing care and prevention.
- This includes regular check ups, proper oral hygiene, and dietary changes.
- Regular dental checkups and professional cleanings are needed to control periodontal disease.
- Maintenance protocol for different periodontal diseases varies on the severity and patient factors.
- For cases of severe and chronic disease, the frequency of maintenance visits may need to be increased.
Periodontal Complications
- Periodontal disease may cause tooth loss and masticatory, aesthetic, and other problems.
- Certain medications may exacerbate oral health conditions.
Periodontal Treatment Interface
- Restorative treatment depends on the periodontal health of the patient.
- Restorative treatment needs to address gingival margins and consider factors like tooth length for retention.
- Understanding inflammation and tissue changes is important when planning restorative techniques.
Hygienic Phase
- Scalers and root planers remove calculus and plaque to achieve a smooth root surface.
- Ultrasonic devices and hand instruments are used for debridement.
Corrective Phase
- This phase involves periodontal surgery to remove periodontal pockets and prevent plaque accumulation.
- This involves anesthesia, case planning and assessment to determine best solutions.
Maintenance Phase
- This phase involves monitoring for disease reoccurrence or progression after periodontal treatment.
- The method for effective maintenance varies greatly by patient factors and the state of their oral health.
- Includes regular check ups to monitor oral health and prevent reappearance of disease progression..
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
Explore the fundamentals of periodontics, the dental specialty that focuses on the diseases affecting gums and supporting structures of the teeth. This quiz covers essential concepts such as gum anatomy, alveolar bone, and the periodontal ligament, crucial for understanding periodontal health.
