Introduction to Pathophysiology & Cellular Disturbances Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What does pathophysiology primarily deal with?

  • Study of functional disturbances in diseased organisms (correct)
  • Study of disease prevention techniques
  • Study of healthy body functions
  • Study of genetics

    • Which aspects of a disease are defined by pathophysiology?

  • Symptoms and signs
  • Etiology, pathogenesis, morphology, and clinical significance (correct)
  • Treatment options
  • Epidemiology and risk factors

    • What does cellular adaptive response to injury refer to?

  • Cells changing their structure in response to injury (correct)
  • Cells dividing rapidly after injury
  • Cells becoming resistant to injury
  • Cells undergoing apoptosis immediately after injury

    • In the context of pathophysiology, what is necrosis?

    <p>A form of cell death due to intrinsic factors within the cell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does pathophysiology connect biomedical sciences with clinical subjects?

    <p>By bridging the protective mechanisms of the body with diseases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is pathophysiology considered important in health education?

    <p>To understand the dynamic aspects of pathological processes and diseases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome of mitochondrial swelling with formation of large amorphous densities in the matrix?

    <p>Irreparable damage of the oxidative phosphorylation pathway (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process involves leakage of proteolytic enzymes into the cytoplasm due to lysosomal membrane damage?

    <p>Necrosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What nuclear changes can occur in cell injury and include pyknosis, karyorrhexis, and karyolysis?

    <p>Degeneration and fragmentation of nuclear chromatin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes a specialized form of programmed cell death that does not elicit an inflammatory response?

    <p>Apoptosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In apoptosis, how does the cell destroy itself?

    <p>From within to avoid leakage of cell contents (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What event leads to necrosis as a pathological result of irreversible injury?

    <p>Premature death of cells due to injury (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of Hypoxic Cell Injury?

    <p>Decreased ATP production (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a consequence of reversible cell injury?

    <p>Detachment of ribosomes from RER (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of irreversible cell injury?

    <p>Efflux of intracellular enzymes into circulation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition can lead to hypoxia due to decreased oxygen-carrying capacity?

    <p>Pulmonary embolism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of decreased intracellular ATP?

    <p>Loss of microvilli (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process occurs due to ischemia?

    <p>Rapid depletion of oxygen and glycogen (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of apoptosis in the context provided?

    <p>To destroy cells that are a threat (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a trigger for apoptosis?

    <p>Enhanced immune response (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the morphological features of apoptosis as described in the text?

    <p>Formation of cytoplasmic blebs and apoptotic bodies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines necrosis according to the text?

    <p>Loss of membrane integrity and ATP depletion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of necrosis is most commonly associated with ischemic injury?

    <p>Coagulative necrosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does necrosis result from according to the text?

    <p>Factors external to the cell or tissue (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the principal adaptive response that involves an increase in the size of cells leading to an increase in the size of the organ?

    <p>Hypertrophy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of hypertrophy usually occurs in cells that are not capable of division or replication?

    <p>Physiological hypertrophy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In response to increased demand by exercise, which type of adaptive response involving hypertrophy occurs in skeletal muscles?

    <p>Hypertrophy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cell type undergoes hypertrophy in heart failure conditions like hypertension or aortic valve disease?

    <p>Cardiomyocytes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome when cell injury is reversible and cells return to normal within certain limits?

    <p>Repair (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a potentially reversible change in cell response to environmental stress?

    <p>Adaptation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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